1866

1866 is a common year starting on Monday. {| align=right cellpadding=3 id=toc style="margin-left: 15px;"\n|- \n| align="center" colspan=2 | Years:
1863 1864 1865 - 1866 - 1867 1868 1869 \n|-\n| align="center" colspan=2 | Decades:
1830s 1840s 1850s - 1860s - 1870s 1880s 1890s \n|- \n| align="center" | Centuries:
18th century - 19th century - 20th century

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\n1866 in art
\n1866 in literature
\n1866 in music
\n1866 in science
\n1866 in sports\n----\nList of state leaders in 1866
\nList of religious leaders in 1866\n|}

Table of contents

1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths

Events

\n* January 6 – Ottoman troops clash with men of a Maronite leader Karam in St. Doumit in Lebanon - Turks are defeated\n*January 12 - Royal Aeronautical Society is formed (London)\n* January 28 - 800 Maronite troops clash with Ottoman troops in Karem Saddah, modern-day Lebanon - more battles between nationalist Maronites and Ottoman army follow\n*February 13 - Jesse James robs his first bank\n* May - Student Choen Blind fails to assassinate Otto von Bismarck in Unter den Linden in Berlin\n* May 16 - The United States Congress eliminates the half dime coin and replaces it with the five cent piece, or nickel.\n* May 16 - Charles Elmer Hires invents root beer.\n* May 24 - Battle of Tuyuti - 32.000 soldiers of the Triple Alliance defeat 24.000 Paraguayan soldiers few miles north of the Parana - 18.000 dead\n* June 14 - Beginning of the Austro-Prussian War, when the Austrians and most of the medium German states declare war on Prussia.\n* June 8 - The Canadian Parliament meets for the first time in Ottawa.\n*July 3 - Austro-Prussian War decided at the Battle of Königgratz, resulting in Prussia taking over as the prominent German nation from Austria.\n* July 5 - Marriage of Princess Helena of the United Kingdom, third daughter of Queen Victoria to Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg\n* July 20 - Naval battle at Lissa between Austria Hungary and Italy.\n* July 24 - Reconstruction: Tennessee becomes the first U.S. state to be readmitted to the Union following the American Civil War.\n* July 25 - The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army (now called "5-star general") Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to have this rank.\n* July 27 - The Atlantic Cable is successfully completed, allowing transatlantic telegraph communication for the first time.\n* July 28 - The Metric Act of 1866 becomes law and legalizes the standardization of weights and measures in the United States.\n* August 23 - Treaty of Prague ends the Austro-Prussian War\n* September 22 - Paraguayan troops defeat Argentinean assault on Curuparty - one-third of Argentinean army destroyed. \n* Federalist revolts in Argentina\n*In Sweden the Riksdag of the Estates is replaced by an elected two chamber assembly, the Riksdag.\n*Alfred Nobel invents dynamite.

Births

\n*January 29 - Romain Rolland, dramatist, winner of Nobel Prize in Literature in 1915 (+ 1944)\n* April 1 - Ferruccio Busoni, pianist and composer (+ 1924)\n* April 6 - Butch Cassidy, outlaw (+ 1909)\n*May 17- Erik Satie, French composer\n*July 28 - Beatrix Potter, Children's author\n*September 1 - James J. Corbett, heavyweight boxing champion (d. 1933)\n*September 7 - Tristan Bernard, writer \n*September 21 - H. G. Wells, science fiction novelist\n*Thomas Hunt Morgan, biologist\n*Sun Yat-sen, Chinese Revolutionary\n*Robert Broom, paleontologist\n*La Goulue, Cancan dancer (d. 1929)

Deaths

\n*January 31 - Friedrich Rückert, German poet, translator, and professor of Oriental languages (* 1788)\n*Bernhard Riemann, Mathematician \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n