See also: 1869 in science, other events of 1870, 1871 in science, and the list of years in science.
Ecology Introduced rabbitss reach the New South Wales border in Australia. Mathematics Felix Klein constructs a model for hyperbolic geometry establishing its self-consistency and the logical independence of Euclid's fifth postulate. (Note: Eugenio Beltrami had previously given such a model in 1868.) Medicine Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch establish the germ theory of disease. Meterology November 1 - In the United States, the newly-created Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast: "High winds at Chicago and Milwaukee... and along the Lakes". Physics Rudolph Clausius proves the scalar virial theorem. Technology February 26 - In New York City, the first pneumatic-subway is opened. Collotype black and white photographic process invented. The Magic Lantern movie projector is invented by Henry R. Heyl. The stock ticker is invented by Thomas Alva Edison. First known use of weapons for the anti-aircraft role at Paris during the Franco-Prussian War. Awards Copley Medal: James Joule Wolaston Medal for geology: Gerard Paul Deshayes Births January 15 - Pierre S. DuPont, industrialist March 17 - Horace Donisthorpe, entomologist, myrmecologist, coleopterist († 1951) Deaths Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar, inventor of the first mass-produced calculator.
