1913

1913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. (click on link for calendar) {| align=right cellpadding=3 id=toc style="margin-left: 15px;"\n|- \n| align="center" colspan=2 | Years:
1910 1911 1912 - 1913 - 1914 1915 1916 \n|-\n| align="center" colspan=2 | Decades:
1880s 1890s 1900s - 1910s - 1920s 1930s 1940s \n|- \n| align="center" | Centuries:
19th century - 20th century - 21st century

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\n1913 in art
\n1913 in aviation
\n1913 in film
\n1913 in literature
\n1913 in music
\n1913 in science
\n1913 in sports
\n1913 in Canada\n----\nList of state leaders in 1913
\nList of religious leaders in 1913
\nList of international organization leaders in 1913\n|}

Table of contents

1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Nobel Prizes

Events

\n* January 30 - House of Lords rejects Irish Home Rule Bill\n* February 1 - New York City's Grand Central Station opens as the world's largest train station.\n* February 3 - The 16th Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect income tax.\n* February 3 – Trial of the remnants of the Bonnot gang begins\n* February 17 - The Armory Show opens in New York City. It displays works of artists who are to become some of the most influential painters of the early 20th century\n* February 19 - Prizes are included in Cracker Jack candy boxes for the first time\n* February 27 – Freezing weather stops everything in Balkans\n*March 4 - End of term for President of the United States William Howard Taft. He is succeedeb by Thomas Woodrow Wilson.\n* March 12 – Canberra becomes the federal capital of Australia\n* March 13 – Assassination of Francisco Madero, president of Mexico\n* March 18 - George I of Greece is assassinated.\n* March 20 - Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of the Chinese nationalist party (KMT) is wounded in an assassination attempt and dies 2 days after.\n* March 26 - Balkan War: Bulgarian forces take Adrianople.\n*April 8 - Passing of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, dictating the direct election of senators.\n* April 24 - Woolworth Building opening ceremony.\n* May 13 - Igor Sikorsky becomes the first person to pilot a four engine aircraft.\n* May 14 - New York Governor William Sulzer approves the charter for the Rockefeller Foundation which begins operations with a $100,000,000 donation from John D. Rockefeller.\n* May 29 - Igor Stravinsky's ballet score The Rite of Spring is premiered in Paris\n* May 30 - First Balkan War: A peace treaty is signed in London ending the war.\n* June 4 - Emily Davison, a suffragette, runs out in front of the king's horse, Anmer, at the Epsom Derby. She is trampled and dies a few days later, never having regained consciousness.\n* June 15 - Bud Bagsak Massacre: US troops under General John 'Black Jack' Pershing kill at least 2,000 relatively defenceless men, women and children, Bud Bagsak, Philippines.\n* July 10 - Death Valley, California hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C) which is the highest temperature recorded in the United States (as of2004).\n* August 20 - 700 feet above Buc, France, parachutist Adolphe Pegond becomes the first person to jump from an airplane and land safely.\n* September 23 - French aviator Roland Garros flies over the Mediterranean\n* September 29 - Rudolf Diesel disappears enroute to Britain\n* October 7 – 13 – Long storm in the Great Lakes – 270 dead\n* October 10 - US President Woodrow Wilson triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike thus ending construction on the Panama Canal.\n* November 5 - The insane king Otto of Bavaria is deposed by his cousin, Prince Regent Ludwig, who assumed the title Ludwig III.\n* November 6 - Mohandas Gandhi is arrested while leading a march of Indian miners in South Africa.\n* December 1 - Ford Motor Company introduces the first moving assembly line, reducing chassis assembly time from 12 1/2 hours in October to 2 hours, 40 minutes (although Ford was not the first to use an assembly line, his successful adoption of one did spark an era of mass production).\n* December 12 - Emperor of Ethiopia Menelik II dies and is succeeded by his grandson Iyasu V of Ethiopia.\n* December 12 – Vincencio Peruggia tries to sell Mona Lisa in the Florence and is arrested\n* December 30 – Italy returns Mona Lisa to France

• Female suffrage in Norway\n* Greece annexes Crete\n* British steamship Calvadas disappears in the Marmora Sea with 200 hands\n* First crossword puzzle appears in the World newspaper\n* Black Chamber, forerunner of NSA, founded\n* de Sitter: speed of light is independent of speed of source\n* Sagnac: speed of light depends on speed of rotating platform\n*Painting September Morn creates a national sensation in U.S.

Births

\n* January 5 - Jean-Pierre Aumont, actor\n* January 6 - Loretta Young, actress (d. 2000)\n* January 9 - Richard M. Nixon, President of the United States (d. 1994)\n* January 15 - Lloyd Bridges, actor (d. 1998)\n* January 18 - Danny Kaye, actor (d. 1987)\n* January 29 - Peter von Zahn, journalist and writer\n* February 4 - Rosa Parks, civil rights activist\n* February 6 - Mary Leakey, anthropologist (d. 1996)\n* February 11 - Lucio Diestro, composer.\n* February 13 - George Barker, British poet (d. 1991)\n* February 14 - Jimmy Hoffa, labor union leader (d. 1975 - disappeared)\n* February 14 - Mel Allen, sports reporter (d. 1996)\n* February 25 - Gert Fröbe, actor (d. 1988)\n* February 25 - Jim Backus, actor (d. 1989)\n* February 27 - Irwin Shaw, writer (d. 1984)\n* March 4 - John Garfield, actor (d. 1952)\n* March 13 - William Casey, director of the Central Intelligence Agency (d. 1987)\n* March 18 - René Clément, French film director (d. 1996)\n* March 29 - Tony Zale, world champion boxer (d. 1997)\n* March 29 - R. S. Thomas, Welsh poet (d. 2000)\n* March 30 - Richard Helms, director of the Central Intelligence Agency (d. 2002)\n* March 30 - Frankie Laine, singer\n* May 11 - Robert Jungk, publicist and futurologist (d. 1994)\n* May 16 - Woody Herman, musician, band leader (d. 1987)\n* May 20 - William Hewlett, cofounder of Hewlett-Packard\n* May 26 - Peter Cushing, British actor (d. 1994)\n* June 10 - Tikhon Khrennikov, Soviet composer\n* June 11 - Vince Lombardi, American football coach\n* June 18 – Robert Mondavi, leading American wine maker\n* June 28 - Franz Antel, Austrian filmmaker\n* July 14 - Gerald Ford, American president.\n* August 28 - Robertson Davies, Canadian novelist \n* September 12 - Jesse Owens, American athlete\n* September 15 - John N. Mitchell, former United States Attorney General and convicted Watergate criminal.\n* September 29 - Stanley Earl Kramer, Academy Award Winning Movie Producer, director, and writer\n* September 29 - Trevor Howard, actor\n* September 30 - Bill Walsh, Movie producer and writer.\n* November 2 - Burt Lancaster, actor\n* November 5 - Vivien Leigh, British actress\n* November 7 - Albert Camus, writer\n* November 22 - Benjamin Britten, composer\n* December 6 - Eleanor Holm - American swimmer

Deaths

\n* January 1 - Alfred von Schlieffen, German field marshal\n* January 2 - Léon Teisserenc de Bort, French meteorologist\n* February 26 - Felix Draeseke, German composer\n* March 10 - Harriet Tubman, Underground Railroad conductor, anti-slavery activist\n* March 22 - Sung Chiao-jen, a founder of KMT\n* March 31 - John Pierpont Morgan, American financier and banker\n* June 5 - Chris von der Ahe, brewer, baseball owner\n* July 3 - Horatio Nelson Young, American naval hero\n* October 5 - Hans von Bartels, German painter\n*December 12 - Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia\n* Alfred Russel Wallace, Welsh biologist

Nobel Prizes

\n* Physics - Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes\n* Chemistry- Alfred Werner\n* Medicine - Charles Robert Richet\n* Literature - Rabindranath Tagore\n* Peace - Henri La Fontaine \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n