1918

{| align=right cellpadding=3 id=toc style="margin-left: 15px;"\n|- \n| align="center" colspan=2 | Years:
1915 1916 1917 - 1918 - 1919 1920 1921 \n|-\n| align="center" colspan=2 | Decades:
1880s 1890s 1900s - 1910s - 1920s 1930s 1940s \n|- \n| align="center" | Centuries:
19th century - 20th century - 21st century

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\n1918 in art
\n1918 in aviation
\n1918 in film
\n1918 in literature
\n1918 in music
\n1918 in science
\n1918 in sports
\n1918 in Canada\n----\nList of state leaders in 1918
\nList of religious leaders in 1918
\nList of international organization leaders in 1918\n|}

Table of contents

1 Events 2 Births 3 Deaths 4 Nobel Prizes

Events

\n* January 8 - President Woodrow Wilson announces his "Fourteen Points" for the aftermath of World War I\n* February 3 - The Twin Peaks Tunnel begins service in San Francisco as the longest streetcar tunnel in the world (11,920 feet long).\n* February 1 - Russia adopts the Gregorian Calendar\n* February 8 - The Stars and Stripes newspaper publishes for the first time\n* February 14 - The Soviet Union adopts the Gregorian calendar (1 February according to the Julian calendar). As a consequence the anniversary of the Russian Revolution, previously October, now falls in November.\n* February 16 - Lithuania declares its independence from both Russia and Germany\n* February 24 - Estonia declares its independence from Russia\n* February 26 – Jockey Club in Hong Kong burns – 604 dead\n* March 1 - German submarine Unterseeboot 19 (U-19) sinks HMS Calgarian off Rathlin Island\n* March 3 - World War I: Germany, Austria and Bolshevist Russia sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ending Russia's involvement in the war.\n* March 5 - The Soviet Union moves its national capital from Petrograd to Moscow\n* March 6 - Finnish Air Force founded. The blue swastika is adopted as its symbol as a tribute to the Swedish explorer and aviator Eric von Rosen who donated the first plane. Von Rosen had painted the buddhist symbol on the plane as his personal lucky insignia.\n* March 7 - World War I: Finland forms an alliance with Germany.\n* March 12 – Moscow becomes the capital of Soviet Russia\n* March 19 - The United States Congress establishes time zones and approves daylight saving time (DST went into effect on March 31).\n* March 21 - World War I: Second Battle of the Somme begins\n* March 23 - The giant German cannon Big Bertha' begins to shell Paris from 114 km (75 miles) away\n* March 23 - In London at the Wood Green Empire, Chung Ling-soo (William E Robinson, US-born magician) dies during his trick where he was supposed to "catch" two separate bullets – one of them perforates his lung. He dies the following morning in hospital\n* April 1 - The Royal Flying Corps and the Royal Naval Air Service are merged to form the Royal Air Force.\n* May 15 - The Post Office Department (later renamed the USPS) begins the first regular airmail service in the world (between New York City, Philadelphia and Washington, DC).\n* May 16 - The Sedition Act of 1918 is approved by US Congress\n* May 26 - The Democratic Republic of Georgia is established.\n* June 1 - World War I: Battle for Belleau Wood begins\n* July - The Siberian Expedition is launched to extract the Czechoslovak Legion from the Russian civil war.\n* July 4 - Change of emperor of the Ottoman Empire from Mehmed V (Resad) (1909-1918) to Mehmed VI (Vahdettin) (1918-1922)\n* July 9 - Great Train Wreck of 1918: In Nashville, Tennessee, an inbound local train collides with an outbound express killing 101.\n* July 15 - World War I: Second Battle of the Marne - The battle begins near the River Marne with a German attack.\n* July 16 - Russian Revolution: At Ekaterinburg, Bolsheviks execute Czar Nicholas II of Russia and his family.\n* August - "Spanish Flu" Influenza becomes pandemic; over twenty-five million people die in the following six months (three times as many as died during the war).\n* August 1 - British anti-Bolshevik forces occupy Archangel, Russia. August 10 commander is told to help White Russians\n* August 8 - World War I: Battle of Amiens - Canadian troops, backed by Australians, begin a string of almost continuous victories with a push through the German front lines. German General Erich Ludendorff will later call this the "black day of the German army."\n* August 30 - Strike of 20,000 London policemen with demands of increased pay and union recognition.\n* August 30 – Fanya Kaplan tries to shoot Lenin. Petrograd head of Cheka is assassinated the same day.\n* October 3 – Kaiser makes Max von Baden a German chancellor\n* October 3 – Poland declares independence\n* October 8 - World War I - In the Argonne Forest in France, US Corporal Alvin C. York almost single-handedly kills 25 German soldiers and captures 132.\n* October 28 - Czechoslovakia gains its independence from Austria-Hungary\n* October 28 - New Polish government in Western Galicia (Central Europe)\n* November 1 - Malbone Street Wreck: the worst rapid transit accident in world history occurs under the intersection of Malbone Street and Flatbush Avenue, Brooklyn, New York City, with at least 93 dead.\n* November 3 - World War I: Austria-Hungary enters an armistice with the Allies.\n* November 3 - Poland declares its independence from Russia.\n* November 6 - A new Polish government is proclaimed in Lublin.\n* November 8 - German army withdraws its support of the Kaiser\n* November 9 - Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany abdicates and chooses to live in exile in the Netherlands.\n* November 9 - Provisional National Council Minister-President Kurt Eisner declares Bavaria to be a republic.\n* November 11 - World War I ends: Germany signs an armistice agreement with the Allies in a railroad car outside of Compiègne in France.\n* November 11 - Poland's Jozef Pilsudski is offered the position of head of state by all existing governments. Independence Day.\n* November 11 - Emperor Charles I of Austria abdicates. \n* November 12 - Austria becomes a republic.\n* November 14 - Czechoslovakia becomes a republic.\n* November 14 – Jozef Pilsudski becomes the head of state to Poland\n* November 16 – Hungary declares independence from Austria\n* November 18 - Latvia declares its independence from Russia.\n* November 22 – Spartacist League founds German Communist Party\n* December 1 - Iceland becomes a self-governing kingdom, yet remains united with Denmark.\n* December 1 - New voting laws in Sweden. Votes no longer dependent on taxable assets. One person, one vote.\n* December 1 - Following the March 27 incorporation of Bessarabia and Bucovina, Transylvania unites with Romania.\n* December 1 - The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later known as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia) is proclaimed.\n* December 4 - US President Woodrow Wilson sails for the Paris Peace Conference, becoming the first US president to travel to Europe while in office. \n* Finnish Civil War between the Reds and the Whites, January - April.\n*Habsburg Empire ceases to exist\n*Grand Duchy of Baden ceases to exist\n* British occupy Palestine\n* Katla erupts in Iceland\n* Native American Church founded

Births

\n* January 15 - Gamal Abdal Nasser, President of Egypt (d. 1970)\n* January 16 - Stirling Silliphant, writer, producer (d. 1996)\n* January 20 - Esquivel, musician\n* January 25 - Ernie Harwell, baseball sportscaster\n* January 26 - Nicolae Ceausescu, Romanian dictator (d. 1989)\n* January 26 - Philip Jose Farmer, science fiction writer\n* January 27 - Skitch Henderson, musician, band leader\n* January 29 - John Forsythe, actor\n* February 1 - Dame Muriel Spark, author\n* February 3 - Helen Stephens, American sprinter\n* February 6 - Lothar-Günther Buchheim, author of Das Boot\n* February 8 - Fred Blassie, former professional wrestler (d. 2003)\n* February 22 - Robert Pershing Wadlow, tallest man in the world\n* February 25 - Bobby Riggs, tennis player (d. 1995)\n* February 25 - Barney Ewell, American athlete (d. 1996)\n* February 26 - Theodore Sturgeon, science fiction writer (d. 1985)\n* February 27 - William Jefferson Blythe III, father of U.S. President Bill Clinton (d. 1946)\n* March 1 - Joao Goulart, president of Brazil (1961-March 31, 1964) (d. 1976)\n* March 1 - Roger Delgado, British actor (d. 1973)\n* March 3 - Fritz Thiedemann, equestrian (d. 2000)\n* March 5 - James Tobin, economist (d. 2002)\n* March 9 - Mickey Spillane, mystery writer\n* March 9 - George Lincoln Rockwell, American Nazi leader (d. 1967)\n* March 10 - Heywood Hale Broun, sports journalist, commentator (d. 2001)\n* March 16 - Frederick Reines, physicist (1995 Nobel Prize in Physics)\n* March 17 - Mercedes McCambridge, actress\n* March 25 - Howard Cosell, attorney, lecturer, sports journalist (d. 1995)\n* March 29 - Pearl Bailey, singer, actress (d. 1990)\n* April 16 - Spike Milligan, comedian (d. 2002)\n* April 26 - Fanny Blankers-Koen, Dutch athlete\n* May 9 - Mike Wallace, journalist\n* May 9 - Orville L. Freeman, American politician (d. 2003)\n* May 11 - Richard Feynman, physicist (d. 1988)\n* May 12 - Julius Rosenberg, spy (d. 1953)\n* May 15 - Eddy Arnold, singer\n* June 18 - Franco Modigliani, economist\n* July 4 - Ann Landers, advice columnist (d. 2002)\n* July 4 - Abigail Van Buren, advice columnist and twin sister to Ann Landers\n* July 13 - Alberto Ascari, Italian F1 race car driver (d. 1955) \n* July 14 - Ingmar Bergman Swedish film director\n* July 15 - Bertram N. Brockhouse, Canadian scientist\n* July 18 - Nelson Mandela, South African prisoner of conscience and president\n* August 8 - Brian Stonehouse, painter, SOE agent in WW II (d. 1998)\n* August 13 - Frederick Sanger, molecular biologist\n* August 25 - Leonard Bernstein, American composer and conductor\n* August 30 - Ted Williams, American baseball player (d. 2002)\n* September 22 - Henryk Szeryng, violinist (d. 1988)\n* October 19 - Louis Althusser, French Marxist philosopher\n* September 4 - Paul Harvey, legendary American radio broadcaster \n* December 11 - Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Russian writer\n* December 12 - Joe Williams, jazz singer (d. 1999)\n* December 21 - Donald Regan, Chief of Staff and U.S. Treasury Secretary (d. 2003)\n* December 25 - Anwar Sadat, Egyptian president

Deaths

\n* January 6 - Georg Cantor, German mathematician\n* January 28 - John McCrae, Canadian soldier, poet\n* February 6 - Gustav Klimt, Austrian painter\n* March 25 - Claude Debussy, French composer\n* March 27 - Henry Adams, American historian\n* May 14 - James Gordon Bennett, Jr, newspaper publisher\n* July 3 - Sultan Mehmed V of the Ottoman Empire\n* June 10 - Arrigo Boito, poet and composer\n* July 17 - Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his family\n* August 18 - Henry Norwest, one of the most famous snipers of World War I\n* September 12 - George Reid, fourth Prime Minister of Australia\n* September 28 - Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1858)

Nobel Prizes

\n* Physics - Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck\n* Chemistry - Fritz Haber\n* Medicine - not awarded\n* Literature - not awarded\n* Peace - not awarded \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n