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1983

{| align=right cellpadding=3 id=toc style="margin-left: 15px;"\n|- \n| align="center" colspan=2 | Years:
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\n1983 in architecture
\n1983 in aviation
\n1983 in film
\n1983 in literature
\n1983 in music
\n1983 in sports
\n1983 in television
\n1983 in Canada\n|}

Table of contents
1 Events
2 Year in topic
3 Births
4 Deaths
5 Nobel Prizes
6 Fictional References to the Year

Events

\n

January

\n* January 1 - Beat Raaflaub became Basel Boys Choir's new conductor\n* January 1 - the ARPANET officially changes to use the Internet Protocol, creating the Internet.\n* January 1 - compulsory wearing of seat belts becomes law in the UK.\n* January 2 - The musical Annie is performed for the last time after 2,377 shows (Uris Theatre on Broadway, New York City).\n* January 19 - Klaus Barbie, Nazi war criminal, is arrested in Bolivia.\n* Wednesday, January 19, 1983 - The Apple Lisa personal computer is announced.\n* January 22 - Björn Borg retires from tennis after winning 5 consecutive Wimbledon championships. \n* January 26 - Lotus 1-2-3 is released.

February-April

\n* February 16 - The Ash Wednesday bushfires in Victoria and South Australia claim the lives of 71 people in Australia's worst ever fires.\n* February 23 - The Environmental Protection Agency announces its intent to buy out and evacuate the dioxin-contaminated community of Times Beach, Missouri.\n* February 24 - A special commission of the United States Congress releases a report critical of the practice of Japanese internment during World War II. \n* March 1 - Balearic Islands and Madrid become autonomous communities of Spain\n* March 1 - Swatch introduce their first timepieces\n* March 1 - Duran Duran's album Rio goes gold\n* March 8 - President Ronald Wilson Reagan calls the Soviet Union an "evil empire."\n* March 23 - Strategic Defense Initiative: President Ronald Wilson Reagan makes his initial proposal to develop technology to intercept enemy missiles. The media dub this plan "Star Wars." \n* April 7 - During STS-6, astronauts Story Musgrave and Don Peterson perform the first space shuttle spacewalk (duration: 4 hours, 10 minutes). \n* April 18 - The U.S Embassy is bombed in Beirut, killing 63 people.\n* April 25 - Maine schoolgirl Samantha Smith is invited to visit the Soviet Union by its leader Yuri Andropov after he read her letter in which she expressed fears about nuclear war.

May-September

\n* May 17 - Lebanon, Israel, and the United States sign an agreement on Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon. \n* June 13 - Pioneer 10 becomes the first manmade object to leave the solar system. [1]\n* June 18 - Sally Ride becomes first American woman in space on the Space Shuttle Challenger.\n* June 27 - The Internet Domain Name System was invented by Paul Mockapetris.\n* July 7 - Samantha Smith flies to the Soviet Union (see Monday, April 25, 1983).\n* July 23 - Gimli Glider: Air Canada flight 143 crash-lands in Gimli, Manitoba. \n* August 4 - Thomas Sankara become President in Upper Volta.\n* August 18 - Hurricane Alicia hits the Texas coast, killing 22 and causing over US$1 billion in damage (1983 dollars).\n* August 21 - Benigno Aquino, Jr, Philippines opposition leader, assassinated in Manila.\n* September 1 - Cold War: Korean Air Flight KAL-007 is shot down by a Soviet jet fighter when the commercial aircraft entered Soviet airspace. All 269 on board die. \n* September 6 - The Soviet Union admits to shooting down Korean Air Flight KAL-007, stating that the pilots did not know it was a civilian aircraft when it violated Soviet airspace. \n* September 26 - Soviet military officer Stanislav Petrov averts a worldwide nuclear war

October

\n* October 12 - Japan's ex Prime Minister Tanaka Kakuei found guilty of taking a $2 million bribe from Lockheed and sentenced to 4 years in jail.\n* October 23 - United States Marine Corps barracks in Beirut destroyed by suicide bomber, killing 241.\n* October 25 - United States invades Grenada.\n* October 27 - Pope John Paul II visits Mehmet Ali Agca in prison to forgive him. Ali Agca is a Turkish gunman, who attempted to kill Pope John Paul II in 1981. \n* October 30 - The first democratic elections in Argentina after seven years of military rule are held. \n

November

\n* November 2 - Martin Luther King Day: At the White House Rose Garden, US President Ronald Wilson Reagan signs a bill creating a federal holiday on the third Monday of every January to honor American civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr.\n* November 17 - The Zapatista Army of National Liberation founded. \n* November 26 - Brinks Mat robbery: In London, 6,800 gold bars worth nearly UK£26 million are taken from the Brinks Mat vault at Heathrow Airport (only a fraction of the gold was ever recovered, and only two men were convicted of the crime)[1].

unknown dates

\n*Democratic reform in power in Argentina.\n*American Public Radio founded; changes its name to the current Public Radio International in 1994\n* IBM announces the IBM PC XT

Year in topic

\n* 1983 in film\n** May 25 - Return of the Jedi\n** Wednesday, November 23, 1983 - Terms of Endearment \n**The Big Chill\n**The Right Stuff \n* 1983 in literature\n* 1983 in music\n* 1983 in sports\n**March 6 - The United States Football League begins its first year of competition \n* 1983 in television\n**February 28 - Over 125 million Americanss tune in to watch the final episode of M*A*S*H \n**March 7 - The Nashville Network (TNN) begins broadcasting.

Births

Deaths

\n

January-July

\n* January 11 - Shri Ghanshyam Das Birla, Indian industrialist, Gandhian and educationist\n* January 15 - Meyer Lansky, mobster\n* January 23 - George Cukor, director\n* January 28 - Frank Forde, fifteenth Prime Minister of Australia\n* February 4 - Karen Carpenter, singer, dies of anorexia nervosa\n* February 12 - Eubie Blake, musician, songwriter\n* February 14 - Lina Radke, German athlete\n* February 25 - Tennessee Williams, playwright\n* March 3 - Hergé, Belgian comics creator\n* March 8 - William Walton, composer\n* March 15 - Rebecca West, writer\n* March 23 - Barney Clark, first artificial heart recipient\n* April 4 - Gloria Swanson, actress\n* April 22 - Earl 'Fatha' Hines, musician\n* May 15 - Meyer Lansky, gangster\n* May 18 - Frank Aiken, Irish Foreign Minister (1959-1969)\n* May 19 - Jean Rey, President of the European Commission\n* June 2 - Stan Rogers, Canadian musician\n* June 12 - Norma Shearer, Academy Award winning actress\n* June 18 - Marianne Brandt, industrial designer and Bauhaus participant\n* July 1 - Buckminster Fuller, American architect\n* July 7 - Vicki Morgan, fashion model\n* July 23 - Georges Auric, composer, member of Les Six\n* July 29 - Raymond Massey, actor

August-December

\n* August 16 - Earl Averill, Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1902)\n* August 21 - Benigno Aquino Jr, Philippine opposition leader\n* September 25 - Leopold III of Belgium\n* September 26 - Tino Rossi, Corsican singer\n* October 28 - Otto Messmer, creator of Felix the Cat\n* November 7 - Germaine Tailleferre, composer\n* December 2 - Fifi D'Orsay, actress\n* December 6 - Lucienne Boyer, French singer\n* December 25 - Joan Miró, surrealist painter

Nobel Prizes

\n* Physics - Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, William Alfred Fowler\n* Chemistry - Henry Taube\n* Medicine - Barbara McClintock\n* Literature -William Golding\n* Peace - Lech Walesa\n* Economics - Gerard Debreu

Fictional References to the Year

\n* "1983...(A Merman I Should Turn To Be)", by Jimi Hendrix, from his album Electric Ladyland (1968) \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

"Obstacles are those frightful things you see when you take your eyes off your goal." - Henry Ford (1863-1947)