Antipope Callixtus III

Also sometimes written Callistus III\nAntipope September 1178-29 August 1178\nGiovanni, Abbot of Stuma, a strong and early supporter of Frederick Barbarossa, also supported Antipope Victor IV, who made him a cardinal. He was named successor to Antipope Paschal III by a small number of schismatic cardinals. Callixtus was primarily a bargaining chip of Frederick to pressurise Alexander III, and had only limited geographical support. He resided in Vitterbo.\nFrederick, when it became politically expedient, after the defeat of Legnano, switched his backing to Alexander, in the 1177 Peace of Venice, abjuring his position 29 August 1178.\nCallixtus eventually accepted the situation, submitting to Alexander in August 1178. After this he was named rector of Benevento, where he died a few years later.