Carlos Mesa
Carlos Diego Mesa Gisbert (born
August 12,
1953) became the President of
Bolivia on Friday,
October 17,
2003. As vice president under the previous president of Bolivia,
Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada, Mesa assumed the post when extensive protests and strikes shut down Bolivia in a bitter dispute known as the
Bolivian Gas War, forcing Sánchez de Lozada to resign and flee the country.
Mesa had been vice president since
August 6,
2002. As vice president, he was also the head of the Bolivian congress.
Before entering politics, Mesa was a historian and a journalist in radio, television and newspapers. He is a member of the Bolivian History Academy.
Despite his lack of experience in the political arena, Mesa's star rose quickly in the Sánchez de Lozada administration. In September 2003, he was invited to address the
UN General Assembly, where he warned:
Democracy is in danger in Bolivia as the result of legitimate pressures from the poor. We cannot generate economic growth and well-being for a few and then expect that the large majorities that are excluded will watch silently and patiently. We poor countries demand that our products be admitted into the markets of rich countries in adequate conditions. [1]
As the gas conflict escalated, Mesa became increasingly unhappy with the government's heavy-handed repression of the protests, which left an estimated 70 people dead. He withdrew his support for Sánchez de Lozada several days before the latter's resignation, saying: "I cannot continue to support the situation we are living through."
Mesa's first challenge will be to return peace and stability to Bolivia and address the grievances of the country's huge, marginalized indigenous population.
Bolivia's next presidential elections were scheduled for
2007, but Mesa was quick to point out that his administration was transitional and that he did not intend to complete Sánchez de Lozada's term in office. He also promised to hold a binding referendum on the gas export plan.
In March of
2004, Mesa announced that the government of Bolivia would hold a series of rallies around the country, and in Bolivian embassies overseas, demanding that
Chile return to Bolivia a stretch of seacoast which Bolivia lost at the end of the
War of the Pacific. Chile has refused to negotiate on the issue, but Mesa has made this policy a central point of his administration. Analysts think that if he should be unsuccessful in gaining this corridor, he will be overthrown.
Books
\n*Cine boliviano del realizador al crítico (with other authors)\n*El cine boliviano según Luis Espinal\n*Un debate entre gitanos\n*Historia de Bolivia, 1997 (with other authors)\n*La espada en la palabra, 2000
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Mesa, Carlos
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