Compound verbs in English consisting of Latin prefix and Latin verb

Some compound verbs in English consist of two morphemes: a Latin prefix and a Latin verb.

Table of contents

1 Morpheme boundary
2 Spelling
3 Latin verbs
4 Latin prefixes
5 Some examples
6 See also

Morpheme boundary

The boundary between the prefix and verb is mostly unclear to English speakers unfamiliar with linguistics and Latin. For example, for a long time, "descend" (de- + scend) was thought to be made of des- and cend, hence it was also spelled dis- and dys-.

Spelling

Due to assimilation, the roots of some of the English verbs listed here are difficult to recognize. For example, ad- + ludo ("play") results in allude rather than *adlude. On the other hand, once a learner knows the rule they are less likely to make spelling mistakes: That the word aggressive is spelt with gg is due to the fact that it derives from ad + gredior, with -dg-, as it is more difficult to pronounce, having been turned into the easier -gg- (so that *agressive must be considered wrong).

Latin verbs

ago, egi, actus "do", "move"\n*cedo, cessi, cessurus "go"\n*cludo (claudo), clusi, clusus "close"\n*duco, duxi, ductus "pull", "lead"\n*facio, feci, factus "make", "do"\n*fero, ferre, tuli, latus "carry"\n*gradior (gredior) gressus "go", "pace"\n*iacio, ieci, iectus "throw"\n*ludo, lusi, lusus "play"\n*mergo, mersi, mersus "dip (in)", "sink"\n*mitto, misi, missus "send"\n*pono, posui, positus "put"\n*premo, pressi, pressus "press" \n*rumpo, rupi, ruptus "break"\n*scribo, scripsi, scriptum "write"\n*volvo, volvi, volutus "roll"

Latin prefixes

a(b)- "from"\n*ad- "towards", "in the direction of"\n*con- "together", "with"\n*de- "away from"\n*e(x)- "out of"\n*in- "in", "into"\n*inter- "between"\n*iuxta- "near", "close to"\n*ob- "towards"\n*prae- "before"\n*pro- "onward", "forward", "in favour of"\n*re- "again"\n*se- "away from"\n*sub- "beneath", "under"\n*trans- "beyond"

Some examples

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

	fero	mitto	pono	premo	scribo	volvo
a(b)-	---	---	---	---	---	---
ad-	---	admit admission	---	---	ascribe	---
con-	confer conference	commit commission	compose composition	compress compression	conscribe conscription	convoluted
de-	defer deference	---	depose deposition	depress depression	describe description	devolve devolution
e(x)-	---	emit emission	expose exposition	express expression	---	evolve evolution
in-	infer inference	---	impose	impress impression	inscribe inscription	involve involvement
inter-	interfere interference	intermittent	interpose	---	---	---
iuxta-	---	---	juxtapose juxtaposition	---	---	---
ob-	offer	omit omission	oppose opposition	oppress oppression	---	---
prae-	prefer preference	---	preposition	---	prescribe prescription	---
pro-	---	---	propose proposal	---	proscription	---
re-	refer relate	remit remission	repose	repress repression	---	revolve revolver, revolution
se-	---	---	---	---	---	---
sub-	suffer	submit submission	suppose supposition	suppress suppression	subscribe subscription	---
trans-	transfer translate	transmit transmission	transpose transposition	---	transcribe transcription	---

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