Diptera
{| border="1" cellspacing="0" align="right" cellpading="2" style="margin-left:1em"\n|-\n! align="center" bgcolor=pink |
Diptera\n|-\n|
\n|-\n! align="center" bgcolor=pink | \n|-\n|\n{| align="center"\n|-\n| \n|
Eukaryota\n|-\n| \n|
Animalia\n|-\n| \n|
Metazoa\n|-\n| \n|
Arthropoda\n|-\n| \n|
Insecta\n|-\n| \n|
Pterygota\n|-\n| \n|
Neoptera\n|-\n| \n|
Endopterygota\n|-\n| \n|
Diptera\n|}\n|-\n! align="center" bgcolor=pink |
Suborders\n|-\n|\n
Archidiptera\n
Eudiptera\n
Brachycera\n|}
Diptera are
insects in which the hind wings are reduced to
halteres.
Synonyms and common names
\nFlies, mosquitoes. In compound names containing "fly" for members of this order, the name is written as two words as in "crane fly". For insects that are members of other orders the name is written as a single word as in "butterfly".
Subdivision
\nThere are two generally accepted sub-orders of diptera. The Nematocera are usually recognized by their elongated bodies and feathery antennae as represented by mosquitoes and crane flies. The Brachycera tend to have a more roundly proportioned body and very short antennae.
Beyond that considerable revision in the taxonomy of the flies has taken place since the introduction of modern cladistic techniques, and much remains uncertain. The secondary ranks between the sub-orders and the families are more out of practical considerations than out of any strict respect for phylogenetic classifications. (Modern cladists tend to spurn the use of any rank names.) Several of the classifications used now in this article remain paraphyletic groupings; this is particularly notable in the Orthorrapha.
Family names
\nFamilies in the list below marked with a plus sign are extinct.
Nematocera
\n*+Ansorgiidae\n*+Antefungivoridae\n*Baenotidae - synonym for Cecidomyiidae\n*+Boholdoyidae\n*Corethrellidae - rank in Chaoboridae\n*Cramptonomyiidae - rank in Pachyneuridae\n*+Crosaphididae\n*Dixamimidae - extinct (Middle Jurassic) rank in Chaoboridae\n*+Elliidae\n*+Gracilitipulidae\n*Grauvogeliidae\n*Hennigmatidae\n*Hyperoscelididae - rank in Canthoscelididae\n*Leptocenopidae - rank in Ceratopogonidae\n*Lestremiidae - synonym for Cecidomyiidae\n*+Limnorhyphidae\n*+Luanpingitidae\n*Macroceridae - rank in Keroplatidae\n*+Mesosciophilidae\n*Mycetobiidae - rank in Anisopodidae\n*Nadipteridae'\'\n*Olbiogastridae - rank in Anisopodidae\n*Oreodomyiidae\n*Orphnephilidae - rank in Thaumaleidae\n*+Parapleciidae\n*Penthrediidae - rank in Bibionidae\n*Phragmoligoneuridae - synonym for extinct Protopliciidae\n*Pleciidae - rank in Bibionidae\n*+Procramptonomyiidae\n*Rhaetomyiidae extinct (Upper Triassic) rank in Chaoboridae\n*Rhyphidae - rank in Anisopodidae\n*+Serendipidae\n*+Siberhyphidae\n*+Sinotendipedidae\n*Synneuridae - rank in Canthoscelididae\n*+Zhangobiidae''
Cyclorrhapha - Acalyptratae
\n*Borboridae - synonym for Sphaeroceridae\n*Borboropsidae - rank in Heleomyzidae\n*Calobatidae - rank in Micropezidae\n*Campichoetidae - rank in Diastatidae\n*Canacidae - misspelling of Canaceidae\n*Centrioncidae - rank in Diopsidae\n*Chiropteromyzidae - rank in Heleomyzidae\n*Cnemosphathidae - rank in Heleomyzidae\n*Cremifaniidae - rank in Chamaemyiidae\n*Cypselidae - synonym for Sphaeroceridae\n*Diopseidae - misspelling of Diopsidae\n*Eurygnathomyidae - rank in Pallopteridae\n*Euxestidae - rank in Ulidiidae\n*Helcomyzidae - rank in Dryomyzidae\n*Heterocheilidae - rank in Dryomyzidae\n*Heteromyzidae - rank in Heleomyzidae\n*Huttoninidae - rank in Sciomyzidae\n*Mindidae - synonym for Chloropidae\n*Nannodastidae - rank in Chyromyidae\n*Neottiophilidae - rank in Piophilidae\n*Notomyzidae - rank in Heleomyzidae\n*Otitidae - rank in Ulidiidae\n*Phaeomyiidae - rank in Sciomyzidae\n*Phycodromidae - synonym for Coelopidae\n*Proneottiophilidae - rank in Psilidae\n*Pterocallidae - rank in Ulidiidae\n*Rhinotoridae - rank in Heleomyzidae\n*Rhopalomeridae - misspelling of Ropalomeridae\n*Risidae - rank in Ephydridae\n*Sapromyzidae - rank in Lauxaniidae\n*Sepsididae - misspelling of sepsidae\n*Siphonellopsidae - rank in Chloropidae\n*Stenomicridae - rank in Persicelididae\n*Strongylophthalmyiidae - rank in Tanypezidae\n*Stylogastridae (or Stylogasteridae) - rank in Conopidae\n*Taeniapteridae - rank in Micropezidae\n*Thyreophoridae - rank in Piophilidae\n*Trixoscelididae - rank in Heleomyzidae\n*Trypetidae - rank in Tephritidae\n*Tunisimyiidae - rank in Xenasteiidae\n*Tylidae - rank in Micropezidae
Cyclorrhapha - Calyptratae
\n*Acridomyiidae - rank in Anthomyiidae\n*Anthomylidae - misspelling of Anthomyiidae\n*Axiniidae - rank in Rhinophoridae\n*Cordyluridae - rank in Scathophagidae\n*Cuterebridae - rank in Oestridae\n*Dexiidae - rank in Tachinidae\n*Eginiidae - rank in Muscidae\n*Gastrophilidae - rank in Oestridae\n*Hypodermatidae - rank in Oestridae\n*Leucostomatidae - rank in Sarcophagidae\n*Mesembrinellidae - rank in Calliphoridae\n*Phasiidae - rank in Tachinidae\n*Scatophagidae - misspelling of Scathophagidae; Scatophagidae is a family of fish\n*Stackelbergomyiidae - rank in Tachinidae\n*Villeneuviellidae - rank in Calliphoridae
Cyclorrhapha - Aschiza
\n*Aenigmatiidae - rank in Phoridae\n*Microdontidae - rank in Syrphidae\n*Termitoxeniidae - rank in Phoridae\n*Thaumatoxenidae - rank in Phoridae
- Orthorrhapha\n**Acanthomeridae - rank in Pantophthalmidae\n**Apsilocephalidae - rank in Therevidae\n**Atelestidae - rank in Empedidae\n**Coenomyiidae - rank in Xylophagidae\n**Cyrtosiidae - rank in Mythicomyiidae\n**Exeretonevridae - rank in Xylophagidae\n**Glutopidae - rank in Pelecorhychidae\n**Heterostomidae - rank in Xylophagidae\n**Hilarimorphidae - rank in Empididae\n**Hybotidae - rank in Empedidae\n**Microphoridae - rank in Empedidae\n**Mydaidae - misspelling of Mydidae\n**Palaeostratiomyiidae - extinct (Middle Jurassic) rank in Rhagionidae\n**Protobrachycerontidae - extinct (Lower Jurassic) rank in Vermileonidae\n**Protocyrtidae - extinct (Middle Jurassic) rank in Heloridae, Hymenoptera - originally misidentified as Diptera\n**Rachiceridae - rank in Xylophagidae\n**Solvidae - rank in Xylomyidae\n**Stratiomyiidae - misspelling for Stratiomyidae\n**Systropodidae - rank in Bomby;idae\n**Usiidae - rank in Bomby;idae
Higher level invalid names
\n*Anthomyiidea - superfamily, now in Muscoidea\n*Asilidea - rank in
Asiloidea\n*Asilomorpha - synonym for infraorder
Orthorrhapha\n*Bibionidea - rank in infraorder
Culicomorpha\n*Bolitophilidea - invalid superfamily in
Bibionomorpha\n*Bombyliidea - rank in
Asiloidea\n*Borboridea - rank in family Stratiomyomorpha\n*Braulomorpha - infraorder, now in superfamily Carnoidea\n*Chironomidea - rank in infraorder
Culicomorpha\n*Chloropidea - superfamily, now in Carnoidea\n*Conopidea - rank in Conopoidea\n*Culicidea - rank in infraorder
Culicomorpha\n*Culicimorpha - misspelling? of
Culicomorpha\n*Dixidea - rank in infraorder
Culicomorpha\n*Drosophiloidea - superfamily, roughly equivalent to Ephydroidea\n*Empididea - rank in Empidoidea\n*Gastrophilidea - rank in family
Oestridae\n*Glossinidea - rank in superfamily
Hippoboscoidea\n*Heleomyzidea - superfamily, redistributed to Sphaeroceroidea, Sciomyzoidea and Opomyzoidea\n*Hippoboscidea - rank in superfamily
Hippoboscoidea\n*Mesophantasmatidea - rank in infraorder
Culicomorpha\n*Muscidea - rank in superfamily
Muscoidea\n*Musidoromorpha - rank in superfamily Platypezoidea\n*Myiomorpha - infraorder, roughly equivalent to
Cyclorrhapha\n*Nycteribiomorpha - rank in superfamily
Hippoboscoidea\n*Oestridea - rank in supefamily Oestroidea\n*Orphnephilidea - rank in infraorder
Culicomorpha\n*Pachyneuridea - invalid superfamily in
Bibionomorpha\n*Phoromorpha - rank in superfamily Platypezoidea\n*Phragmoligoneuridea - extinct rank in infraorder
Culicomorpha\n*Platypezidea - rank in superfamily Platypezoidea\n*Psilidea - superfamily, redistributed to Diopsoidea and Nerioidea\n*Rhaetomyiidea - rank in infraorder
Culicomorpha\n*Rhyphidea - rank in infraorder
Bibionomorpha\n*Sapromyzidea - superfamily, redistributed between Lauxanioidea and Tephritoidea\n*Sarcophagidea - rank in superfamily Oestroidea\n*Somatiidea - superfamily, now in Diopsoidea\n*Stratiomyidea - synonym for superfamily Stratiomyomorpha\n*Streblomorpha - rank in superfamily
Hippoboscoidea\n*Syrphidea - rank in superfamily Syrphoidea\n*Tabanidea - synonym for superfamily Tabanomorpha\n*Tachinidea - rank in superfamily Oestroidea\n*Termitoxeniomorpha - rank in superfamily Platypezoidea\n*Trypetidea - superfamily, now in superfamily Tephritoidea
References
\nAs of 2003-08-14\n*Catalog of Neartic Diptera http://www.nearctica.com/nomina/diptera/diptera.htm
\n*The Diptera Site
http://www.sel.barc.usda.gov/Diptera/biosys.htm
\n*The Bishop Museum Catalog of Fossil Diptera
http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/fossilcat/ \n*The Tree of Life Project
http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Diptera\n*The Integrated Taxonomic Information System
http://www.itis.usda.gov/index.html\n*The National Center for Biotechnology Information
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi\n*Katalog der Dipteren Bayerns
http://www.zsm.mwn.de/Diptera/Dipt_Bay.htm\n*Species Accounts
http://www.speciesaccounts.org/Diptera.htm\n*Systema Naturae
http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/
\n\n\n
