Historical physicians
This is a list of famous
physicians in history:
Physicians famous for their role in advancement of medicine
\n*Hippocrates (c. 460-370 B.C.)\n*Galen (A.D. 129- c. 210)\n*Madhav (8th century A.D.) - medical text author and systematizer\n*Rhazes (A.D. c. 854-925) (Abu Bakr Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi)\n*Avicenna (980-1037)\n*Averroës (1126-1198)\n*Maimonides (1135-1204)\n*Girolamo Fracastoro (1473-1553) - wrote on syphilis, forerunner of germ theory\n*Paracelsus (1493-1541)\n*Amboise Paré (1510-1590) - advanced surgical wound treatment\n*Vesalius (1514-1564) - anatomist\n*William Harvey (1578-1657) - described the circulatory system\n*Ole Wormius (1588-1654) - pioneer in embryology\n*Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694) - pioneer in histology\n*Richard Lower (1631-1691) - studied the lungs and heart\n*Jean Astruc (1684-1766) - wrote one of the first treatises on syphilis\n*Edward Jenner (1749-1823) - popularized vaccination\n*Rene Theophile Hyacinthe Laennec (1781-1826) - inventor of the stethoscope\n*John Snow (1813-1858) - pioneer epidemiologist who studied cholera\n*Ignaz Semmelweis (1818-1865) - a pioneer of aseptic technique\n*Joseph Lister (1827-1912) - pioneer of antiseptic surgery\n*Theodor Billroth (1829-1894) - founding father of modern abdominal surgery.\n*Ernst Haeckel (1834-1919) - physician and anatomist\n*Robert Koch (1843-1910) - formulated Koch's postulates \n*William Osler (1849-1919) - called the "Father of Modern Medicine"\n*Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) - founder of psychoanalysis\n*Christiaan Eijkman (1858-1930) - pathologist, studied beri-beri\n*William Mayo (1861-1939)\n*Charles Jean Henri Nicolle (1866–1936) - microbiologist who won Nobel prize for work on typhus\n*Allen Oldfather Whipple (1881-1963) - devised the Whipple procedure in 1935 for treatment of pancreatic cancer\n*Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof (1884-1951) - studied muscle metabolism (Nobel prize)\n*George Richards Minot (1885-1950) - Nobel prize for his study of anemia\n*Norman Bethune (1890-1939) - developer of battlefield surgical techniques\n*Frederick Banting (1891-1941) - described the role of insulin\n*Charles R. Drew (1904-1950) - blood transfusion pioneer\n*Virginia Apgar (1909-1974) - anesthesiologist who devised the Apgar score used after childbirth\n*Joseph Ransohoff (1915-2001) - neurosurgeon who invented the modern technique for removing brain tumors\n*Daniel Carleton Gajdusek (b. 1923) - studied Kuru\n*Carlo Urbani (1956-2003) - discovered, and died from, SARS
Physicians otherwise notable as practitioners
\n*Thomas Sydenham (1642-1689) - clinician \n*Johann Friedrich Struensee (1737-1772) - royal physician of Christian VII of Denmark\n*Elizabeth Blackwell (1821-1910) - first woman to practice modern medicine\n*Elizabeth Garrett Anderson (1836-1917) - first British woman to practice as a doctor.\n*Alphonse Laveran (Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran) (1845-1922) - parasitology\n*Jack Kevorkian (b. 1923) - right-to-assisted-death advocate
Physicians famous chiefly as eponyms
\n*James Parkinson (1755-1824) - Parkinson's syndrome\n*Thomas Addison (1793-1860) - Addison's disease\n*Charles Édouard Brown-Sequard (1817-1894)\n*Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) - Maladie de Charcot, Charcot joints, Charcot's triad, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease\n*Alois Alzheimer (1864-1915) - Alzheimer's disease\n*Robert Barany (1876-1936) - the Barany chair is used in the study of vertigo\n*Charles Mantoux originator of the Mantoux test for tuberculosis\n*Carlos Chagas (1879-1934) - Chagas disease\n*Burrill Bernard Crohn (1884-1983) - Crohn's disease
Physicians famous for other activities
\n*Ctesias (5th century B.C.) - historian\n*Michael Servetus (1511-1553) - burnt at the stake by Calvinists for heresy\n*Sir Thomas Browne (1605-1682) - man of letters\n*John Hall (d. 1635) - son-in-law of William Shakespeare\n*Franz Mesmer (1734-1815) - purveyor of mesmerism and the idea of animal magnetism\n*Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr (1809-1894) - essayist\n*Oswald Avery (1877-1955) - molecular biologist who discovered DNA carried genetic information\n*Anton Chekhov - playwright\n*Hans Sloan\n*Erasmus Darwin\n*Howard Dean - American politician\n*Alfred de Musset - known as a writer, but also discovered de Musset's sign, an indicator of syphilitic aortitis\n*Thomas Young - scientist\n*Maria Montessori - educator\n*Benjamin Rush - signer of the United States Constitution\n*Baruch Goldstein - assassin\n*Samuel Mudd - condemned to prison for setting the leg of Abraham Lincoln's assassin\n*Georg Agricola - mineralologist\n*Thomas Bowdler - censor\n*Gerolamo Cardano\n*Arthur Dee\n*Luigi Galvani - physicist\n*Caspar Peucer\n*Philippe Pinel\n*Thomas Campion - poet, composer\n*Gordon S. Fahrni\n*Claude Perrault - architect\n*Nehemiah Grew - botanist\n*Herman Boerhaave - humanist\n*Jonathan Miller - television presenter and stage director\n*Hermann von Helmholtz - physicist\n*Niels Ryberg Finsen\n*Albert Schweitzer - humanist\n*Boris V. Morukov - cosmonaut\n*William Carlos Williams - poet\n*John Arbuthnot - author\n*Sir Arthur Conan Doyle - author\n*Armand Hammer - entrepreneur\n*Harold Shipman - murderer\n*Lewis Thomas - essayist\n*Mahathir bin Mohamad - Malaysian prime minister\n*Abd-el-latif - traveller\n*Oliver Goldsmith - author\n*Samuel Hahnemann - founder of homeopathy\n*Norman Earl Thagard - astronaut\n*Michael Cook - author of suspense novels\n*Samuel Gridley Howe - abolitionist\n*Archibald Menzies - naturalist\n*H. Richard Hornberger author of MASH\n*William E. Thornton - astronaut\n*Wilhelm Weinberg - with G.H. Hardy, developed the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium model of population genetics\n*Christian Friedrich, Baron von Stockmar - Anglo-Belgian statesman\n*Cesare Lombroso (1835-1909) - based his system of criminology on physiognomy\n*Ray Lyman Wilbur (1875-1949) - United States Secretary of the Interior, president of Stanford University\n*Paul Möhring (1710-1792) - zoologist, botanist\n*Tobias Smollett (1721-1771) - author\n*Patrick Abercromby (1656 - ~ 1716) - historian\n*William Gilbert (1544-1603) - physician and physicist\n*John Caius (1510-1573) - physician and educator\n*Mouwafak al-Rabii - human rights advocate, member of the Interim Iraqi Governing Council\n*Pierre Gassendi (1592-1655) - philosopher\n*Stuart Kauffman (b. 1939) - biologist\n*James McHenry (1753-1816) - signer of the United States Constitution\n*John Lovelock (1910-1949) - Olympic athlete\n*Sextus Empiricus (2nd - 3rd century AD) - philosopher\n*Daniel Rutherford (1849-1819) - chemist\n*Maximilian Bircher-Benner (1867-1939) - nutritionist\n*Heinrich Wilhelm Olbers (1758-1840) - astronomer\n*Jan Baptist van Helmont (1577-1655) - physiologist\n*Mae Jemison (b. 1956) - astronaut\n*Arthur Johnston (1587-1641) - poet
