Jana Gana Mana
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Jana Gana Mana (Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People) is the
national anthem of
India. It is the first of five stanzas of a poem by
Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore, written in the
Bengali language.
A formal rendition of the national anthem takes approximately 52 seconds. A short version consisting only the first and last lines (playing time approximately 20 seconds) is also played on certain occasions.
There is some controversy surrounding the appropriateness of this poem to be the national anthem of independent
India. This poem was first sung during a convening of the Indian National Congress in 1911. Rabindranath Tagore had submitted the poem as a paean of India's divine destiny, and it was sung on the first day of the convening. The day after, a welcome was given to
King George V on his visit to India. It was assumed thenceforth by many that it had been written for the King. However, Tagore is said to have written the poem in honour of God. In particular, given the great patriotism of Tagore, and his involvement in the freedom struggle, people are skeptical that the "protector" refers to the British monarch. Indeed, one of Tagore's greatest moments was his refusal of the British knighthood on grounds of the empire's immoral dealings, a title offered to him by none other than the king about whom some feel Tagore was writing! But most definitive is Tagore's own statement about this, showing this allegation to be myth:
In a letter to Pulin Behari Sen, Tagore later wrote, "A certain high official in His Majesty's service, who was also my friend, had requested that I write a song of felicitation towards the Emperor. The request simply amazed me. It caused a great stir in my heart. In response to that great mental turmoil, I pronounced the victory in Jana Gana Mana of that Bhagya Vidhata [ed. God of Destiny] of India who has from age after age held steadfast the reins of India's chariot through rise and fall, through the straight path and the curved. That Lord of Destiny, that Reader of the Collective Mind of India, that Perennial Guide, could never be George V, George VI, or any other George. Even my official friend understood this about the song. After all, even if his admiration for the crown was excessive, he was not lacking in simple common sense."
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Transliterated text:\n
\nJana Gana Mana
\nAdhinayaka jaya hey,
\nBharata bhagyavidhata.
\nPunjaba, Sindhu, Gujarata, Maratha,
\nDravida, Utkala, Banga,
\nVindhya, Himachala, Yamuna, Ganga,
\nUchchala jaladhi taranga
\nTava shubha naamey jaagey,
\nTava shubha aashis maagey,
\nGahe tava jayagatha.
\nJana gana mangaladhayak jaya hey
\nBharat bhagyavidhata.
\nJaya hey, Jaya hey, Jaya hey,
\nJaya jaya jaya jaya hey!
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Bengali Text:\n
\nজনগণমন-অধিনায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা!
\nপঞ্জাব সিন্ধু গুজরাট মরাঠা দ্রাবিড় উত্কল বঙ্গ
\nবিন্ধ্য হিমাচল যমুনা গঙ্গা উচ্ছলজলধিতরঙ্গ
\nতব শুভ নামে জাগে, তব শুভ আশিস মাগে,
\nগাহে তব জয়গাথা।
\nজনগণমঙ্গলদায়ক জয় হে ভারতভাগ্যবিধাতা!
\nজয় হে, জয় হে, জয় হে, জয় জয় জয়, জয় হে॥
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English translation:\n
\nThou art the ruler of the minds of all people, dispenser of India's destiny.
\nThy name rouses the hearts of Punjab, Sind, Gujarat and Maratha, of the Dravida and Orissa (Utkala) and Bengal;
\nIt echoes in the hills of the Vindyas and Himalayas, mingles in the music of Jamuna and Ganga and is chanted by the waves of the Indian Sea.
\nThey pray for thy blessings and sing thy praise. The saving of all people waits in thy hand, thou dispenser of India's destiny.
\nVictory, victory, victory to thee.\n
See also
\n* India\n*
Rabindranath Tagore\n*
Vande Mataram
External links
\n* MIDI File\n*
Genesis of Jana Gana Mana\nCategory:National anthems
