List of Roman Emperors
This is a list of
Roman Emperors with the dates they controlled the
Roman Empire.
(Note that, contrary to popular belief,
Julius Caesar was never Emperor (
princeps), although he was named
dictator for life in
45 BC (but was not the first Roman to hold that title) and was regarded as such by Roman historians. On the other hand, the name
Caesar became the family name of the first dynasty and was effectively treated as a title, a practice which continued throughout the Empire. Similarly,
Suetonius wrote of The Twelve Caesars (including the Flavians) so some sense of continuity was evidently felt.)
For the worship of the Roman Emperor as a
god, see
imperial cult.
The Principate/Julio-Claudian dynasty
\n*Augustus (27 BC - AD 14)\n*Tiberius (14 - 37)\n*Gaius Caligula (37 - 41)\n*Claudius (41 - 54)\n*Nero (54 - 68)
Year of the four emperors
\n*Galba (68 - 69)\n*Otho (69)\n*Vitellius (69)
Flavian dynasty
\n*Vespasian (69 - 79) \n*Titus Flavius (79 - 81)\n*Domitian (81 - 96)
Nervan-Antonian dynasty
Severan dynasty
\n*Pertinax (193) (recognized as emperor by Septimius Severus)\n*Septimius Severus (193 - 211) (throne was also claimed by Didius Julianus 193, Pescennius Niger 193 - 194, and Clodius Albinus 193 - 197)\n*Caracalla (211 - 217)\n*Macrinus (217 - 218)\n*Heliogabalus (218 - 222)\n*Alexander Severus (222 - 235)
Rulers during the Crisis of the Third Century
\n*Maximinus Thrax (235 - 238)\n*Gordian I and Gordian II (238)\n*Pupienus and Balbinus (238)\n*Gordian III (238 - 244) (throne claimed by Sabinianus 240)\n*Philip the Arab (244 - 249) (throne claimed by Pacantius 248, Iotapianus 248, and Silbannacus)\n*Decius (249 - 251) (throne claimed by Priscus 249 - 252, and Licinianus 250)\n*Herennius Etruscus (251)\n*Hostilian (251)\n*Trebonianus Gallus (251 - 253)\n*Aemilianus (253)\n*Valerian I (253 - 260)\n*Gallienus (260 - 268) (throne claimed by Ingenuus 260; Regalianus 260; Macrianus Major, Macrianus Minor and Quietus 260 – 261; Mussius Aemilianus 261 - 262; and Aureolus 268) \n*Claudius II Gothicus (268 - 270)\n*Quintillus (270)\n*Aurelian (270 - 275) (throne claimed by Domitianus 270 - 271, and Septimius 271) \n*Tacitus (275 - 276)\n*Florianus (276)\n*Probus (276-282) (throne claimed by Saturninus 280, Proculus 280, and Bonosus 280)\n*Carus (282-283)\n*Carinus (283-285) (co-emperor Numerian)
Tetrarchy
\n*Diocletian (284 - 305) (co-emperor Maximian 286 - 305)\n*Constantius Chlorus (305-306) (co-emperor Galerius 305 - 311)\n*Constantine I, the Great (306 - 337) (co-emperors Galerius, Licinius 308 - 324, and Maximinus Daia 308 - 313; throne claimed by Maxentius 306 - 312, and Domitius Alexander 308 - 309)
House of Constantine
\n*Constantius II (337 - 361) (together with Constantine II 337 - 340, and Constans 337 - 350; throne claimed by Magnentius 350 - 353)\n*Julian (361 - 363). Also known as 'the Apostate'\n*Jovian (363 - 364)
Valentinian dynasty
\n*Valentinian I (364 - 375) (co-emperor Valens 364 - 378; throne claimed by Procopius 364 - 365)\n*Gratianus (375 - 383) (co-emperor Valentinian II, 375-392; throne claimed by Magnus Maximus, 383 - 388)
House of Theodosius
\n*Theodosius I (379 - 395) (throne claimed by Eugenius 392 - 394)
Western Empire
continuation: see list of Barbarian kings of Italy
Eastern Empire
continuation: see list of Byzantine Emperors
see also
Gallic Empire;
Roman usurper
External links
Category:Ancient Rome\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n