New Zealand general election 1981
The
1981 New Zealand general election was a nationwide vote to determine the shape of the
New Zealand Parliament. It saw the governing
National Party, led by
Robert Muldoon, win a third term in office, although the opposition
Labour Party, led by
Bill Rowling, actually won a majority of the vote.
\n\n
Background
\nBefore the election, the National Party governed with fifty seats, while the opposition Labour Party held forty seats. The Social Credit Party held two (one of which had been taken from National in a recent by-election). The National Party had won a landslide victory in the 1975 elections, but in the 1978 elections, although remaining in office, had lost ground. The style of Robert Muldoon's leadership was growing increasingly unpopular, both with his party and with the public, and there had been an abortive leadership challenge by Brian Talboys in 1980. Some commentators believed that the 1981 election would mark an end to Muldoon's government.
The opposition Labour Party was led by Bill Rowling, who had been leader of the party in the past two elections. While Rowling had performed poorly against Muldoon in 1975, and was generally viewed by the public as weak, he had gradually recovered a measure of public respect. In the previous election, Labour had actually won a majority of the vote, but did not win a majority of the seats. Many believed that this time, Labour would manage to convert its support into seats, although that would prove not to be the case.
Not all of Muldoon's opponents gave their support to Rowling and the Labour Party, however - the small Social Credit Party, traditionally New Zealand's "third party", was enjoying strong support, although the first-past-the-post electoral system made it difficult for Social Credit to win seats.
The election
\nThe election was held on the November 28. 2,034,747 people were registered to vote in the elections, and 91.4% turned out on election day. This was a markedly higher turnout that recorded for the previous election, but as the official statistics for that election are regarded as highly misleading, the comparison is probably not valid. It is likely that turnout in the 1981 election was about the same as in the election before it.
Summary of results
\nThe 1981 election saw the National Party win forty-seven of the ninety-two seats in parliament, a drop of three from what it had held before the election. This meant that National kept its majority by only a single seat, a fact which would prove highly problematic over the next parliamentary term. The Labour Party won forty-three seats, a gain of three. The Social Credit Party managed to retain its two seats.
Detailed results
Party totals
\n{| width=95%\n|-----\n|align=center|Party\n|align=center|Candidates\n|align=center|Total votes\n|align=center|Percentage\n|align=center|Seats won\n|----- bgcolor=#DDEEFF\n|National Party\n|align=center|92\n|align=center|698,508\n|align=center|38.77%\n|align=center|47\n|----- bgcolor=#FFE8E8\n|Labour Party\n|align=center|92\n|align=center|702,630\n|align=center|39.01%\n|align=center|43\n|----- bgcolor=#F2FFCC\n| Social Credit Party\n|align=center|92\n|align=center|372,056\n|align=center|20.65%\n|align=center|2\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Values Party\n|align=center|17\n|align=center|3,460\n|align=center|0.19%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Mana Motuhake\n|align=center|4\n|align=center|8,332\n|align=center|0.46%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Wizard Party\n|align=center|4\n|align=center|467\n|align=center|0.03%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Socialist Unity Party\n|align=center|5\n|align=center|447\n|align=center|0.02%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|LIFE\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|250\n|align=center|0.01%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Cheer Up Party\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|208\n|align=center|0.01%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Independent Candidate\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|189\n|align=center|0.01%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Economic Euthenics\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|191\n|align=center|0.01%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|No Confidence\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|153\n|align=center|0.01%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Private Enterprise Party\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|120\n|align=center|0.01%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Liberal Social Democratic Party\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|107\n|align=center|0.01%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Pacific Republic\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|91\n|align=center|0.01%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Citizens' Democratic Party\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|81\n|align=center|0.00%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Clients' Party\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|78\n|align=center|0.00%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Apolitical Party\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|56\n|align=center|0.00%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Sturdy Independent Party\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|43\n|align=center|0.00%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|New Force\n|align=center|1\n|align=center|43\n|align=center|0.00%\n|align=center|-\n|----- bgcolor=#EEEEEE\n|Independents
(including 2 Independent National and
1 Alternative Social Credit)\n|align=center|19\n|align=center|13,806\n|align=center|0.77%\n|align=center|-\n|}
Map of electorates
\n
Individual electorate results
\n{| width=95%\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Albany\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Don McKinnon (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Don McKinnon (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: B Mockridge (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Ashburton\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Rob Talbot (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Rob Talbot (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: A J Srhoy (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Auckland Central\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Richard Prebble (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Richard Prebble (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: R D Reid (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Avon\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Mary Batchelor (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Mary Batchelor (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: C M McNicholl (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Awarua\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Rex Austin (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Rex Austin (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: R G Fitzgerald (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Bay of Islands\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Neil Austin (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Neil Austin (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: Leslie William Hunter (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Birkenhead\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Jim McLay (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Jim McLay (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: H W Smith (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Christchurch Central\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Geoffrey Palmer (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Geoffrey Palmer (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: I G B Wilson (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Clutha\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Robin Grey (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Robin Grey (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: Clive Matthewson (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Dunedin Central\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Brian MacDonell (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Brian MacDonell (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: N R King (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Dunedin North\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Stan Rodger (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Stan Rodger (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: C D Bleach (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|East Cape\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Duncan MacIntyre (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Duncan MacIntyre (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: P A Dey (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|East Coast Bays\n|bgcolor=#F2FFCC colspan=2|Gary Knapp (Social Credit)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#F2FFCC|Incumbent: Gary Knapp (Social Credit)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Don Brash (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Eastern Hutt\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Trevor James Young (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Trevor James Young (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: A J Duthie (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Eden\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Anthony George Malcolm (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Anthony George Malcolm (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: I K Scott (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Fendalton\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Philip Burdon (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Eric Holland (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: D C Close (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Gisborne\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Bob Bell (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Bob Bell (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: Alan Wallbank (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Hamilton East\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Ian Shearer (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Ian Shearer (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: L J Welch (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Hamilton West\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Mike Minogue (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Mike Minogue (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: P O McCaffrey (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Hastings\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|David Butcher (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: David Butcher (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: H F W Kynoch (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Hauraki\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Graeme Lee (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Leo Schultz (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: G O Miller (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Hawke's Bay\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Richard Harrison (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Richard Harrison (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: Mike Cullen (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Helensville\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Dail Jones (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Dail Jones (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: Jack Elder (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Heretaunga\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Bill Jeffries (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Ronald Leslie Bailey (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: R A J Palmer (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Horowhenua\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Geoff Thompson (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Geoff Thompson (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: D G Page (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Hunua\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Colin Moyle (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Winston Peters (National)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Winston Peters (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Invercargill\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Norm Jones (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Norm Jones (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: David Soper (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Island Bay\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Frank O'Flynn (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Frank O'Flynn (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: D H Catley (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Kaimai\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Bruce Townshend (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Bruce Townshend (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: D J F Conway (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Kaipara\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Peter Ian Wilkinson (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Peter Ian Wilkinson (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: N C Connachy (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Kapiti\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Margaret Shields (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Barry Brill (National )\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Barry Brill (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|King Country\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Jim Bolger (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Jim Bolger (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: D H Mason (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Lyttelton\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Ann Hercus (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Ann Hercus (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Simon Stamers-Smith (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Manawatu\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Michael Cox (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Michael Cox (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: D G Kessell (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Mangere\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|David Lange (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: David Lange (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: J F Pettit (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Manurewa\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Roger Douglas (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Roger Douglas (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: K T Ralph (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Marlborough\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Doug Kidd (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Doug Kidd (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: G E Macann (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Matamata\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|John Luxton (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: John Luxton (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: D R Mawdsley (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Miramar\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Peter Neilson (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Bill Young (National)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Bill Young (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Mount Albert\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Helen Clark (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: W W Freer (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: W W Moyes (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Napier\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Geoff Braybrooke (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Gordon Christie (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: K J Rose (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Nelson\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Philip Woolaston (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Mel Courtney (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE|2nd Place: Mel Courtney (Independent)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|New Lynn\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Jonathan Hunt (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Jonathan Hunt (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: R A Hanson (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|New Plymouth\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Tony Friedlander (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Tony Friedlander (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: D W Duggan (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|North Shore\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|George Gair (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: George Gair (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: P G Chambers (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Ohariu\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Hugh Templeton (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Hugh Templeton (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: N R Ely (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Onehunga\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Fred Gerbic (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Fred Gerbic (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Sue Wood (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Otago\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Warren Cooper (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Warren Cooper (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: B O Griffiths (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Otahuhu\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Bob Tizard (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Bob Tizard (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: S McDowell (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Pahiatua\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|John Falloon (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: John Falloon (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: Bill Sutton (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Pakuranga\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Pat Hunt (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Pat Hunt (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: Neil Morrison (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Palmerston North\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Trevor De Cleene (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Joe Walding (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Brian Elwood (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Papakura\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Merv Wellington (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Merv Wellington (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: J S Cheeseman (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Papanui\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Mike Moore (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Mike Moore (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: B S Keeley (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Papatoetoe\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Eddie Isbey (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Eddie Isbey (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: R McKeen (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Pencarrow\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Fraser Colman (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Fraser Colman (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Willard Amaru (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Porirua\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Gerry Wall (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Gerry Wall (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: E A Brittain (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Rangiora\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Derek Quigley (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Derek Quigley (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: C G M Hayward (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Rangiriri\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Bill Birch (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Bill Birch (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: R Hayward (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Rangitikei\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9 colspan=2|Bruce Beetham (Social Credit)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|Incumbent: Bruce Beetham (Social Credit)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: P M Bardwell (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Remuera\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|David Highet (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: David Highet (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: Judith Tizard (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Roskill\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Phil Goff (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Arthur Faulkner (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: C A Parsons (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Rotorua\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Paul East (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Paul East (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: Johnny Lepper (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|St. Albans\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|David Caygill (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: David Caygill (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: J D Baker (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|St. Kilda\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Michael Cullen (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Bill Fraser (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Stewart Clark (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Selwyn\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Ruth Richardson (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Colin McLachlan (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: W E Woods (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Sydenham\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|John Kirk (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: John Kirk (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: R R Bach (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Tamaki\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Robert Muldoon (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Robert Muldoon (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: Richard Northey (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Taranaki\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|David Thompson (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: David Thompson (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: B J Heilihy (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Tarawera\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Ian McLean (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Ian McLean (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: N Scott (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Tasman\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Bill Rowling (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Bill Rowling (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: E L Krammer (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Taupo\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Roger McClay (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: J W Ridley (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: J W Ridley (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Tauranga\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Keith Allen (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Keith Allen (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: T P Hills (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Te Atatu\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Michael Bassett (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Michael Bassett (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: S Noble (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Timaru\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Basil Arthur (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Basil Arthur (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Jane Coughlan (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Waikato\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Sinon Upton (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Simon Upton (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: N W Johnstone (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Waipa\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Marilyn Waring (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Marilyn Waring (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: J I Kilbride (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Wairarapa\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Ben Couch (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Ben Couch (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: T Gemmell (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Waitakere\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Ralph Maxwell (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Ralph Maxwell (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: M R Gummer (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Waitaki\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Jonathan Elworthy (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Jonathan Elworthy (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: Jim Sutton (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Waitotara\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Venn Young (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Venn Young (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: S K Gray (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Wallace\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|Derek Angus (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Derek Angus (National)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: O W Horton (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Wanganui\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Russell Marshall (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Russell Marshall (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#F2FFC9|2nd Place: Terry Heffernan (Social Credit)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Wellington Central\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Fran Wilde (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: Ken Comber (National)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: Ken Comber (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|West Coast\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Kerry Burke (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Kerry Burke (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: D J Truman (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Western Hutt\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|John Terris (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: John Terris (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: J W Tanner (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Whangarei\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF colspan=2|John Banks (National)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|Incumbent: John Elliot (National)\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|2nd Place: M E Penney (Labour)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Yaldhurst\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Mick Connelly (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Mick Connelly (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#DDEEFF|2nd Place: M E Murray (National)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Eastern Maori\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Peter Tapsell (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Paraone Rewiti (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#E9DFCC|2nd Place: A Tahana (Mana Motuhake)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Northern Maori\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Bruce Gregory (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Bruce Gregory (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#E9DFCC|2nd Place: Matiu Rata (Mana Motuhake)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Southern Maori\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#E9DFCC|2nd Place: N A Reedy (Mana Motuhake)\n|-------------------\n|bgcolor=#EEEEEE rowspan=2 align=center|Western Maori\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8 colspan=2|Koro Wetere (Labour)\n|-\n|bgcolor=#FFE8E8|Incumbent: Koro Wetere (Labour)\n|bgcolor=#E9DFCC|2nd Place: Eva Rickard (Mana Motuhake)\n|}
Summary of changes
\n*The seats of Hunua, Kapiti, Miramar, and Wellington Central were won from incumbent National MPs by Labour challengers. The challengers in question were Colin Moyle, Margaret Shields, Peter Nielson, and Fran Wilde, respectively. The defeated incumbents were Winston Peters, Barry Brill, Bill Young, and Ken Comber, respectively.\n*The seat of Taupo was won from the incumbent Labour MP by a National challenger. The challenger was Roger McClay and the defeated incumbent was J W Ridley.\n*The seats of Heretaunga, Mt. Albert, Napier, Nelson, Palmerston North, Roskill, St. Kilda, and Northern Maori were passed from incumbent Labour MPs to new Labour MPs. In Nelson, the seat was retained by Labour despite the sitting Labour MP, Mel Courtney, breaking from the party and standing as an independent.\n*The seats of Fendalton, Hauraki, Selwyn, and Whangarei were passed from incumbent National MPs to new National MPs. Two of these changes were the result of MPs retiring, but two (in Selwyn and Whangarei) were the result of controversial challenges to the re-selection of the incumbents. In Selwyn, Ruth Richardson successfully challenged the re-nomination of incumbent Colin McLachlan, and in Whangarei, John Banks successfully challenged the re-nomination of incumbent John Elliot.
1981
