Refracting telescope
A
refracting telescope (
refractor) is a
telescope which uses
lenses to
refract light. This refraction causes
parallel light rays to converge at a
focal point; while those which were not parallel converge upon a focal plane. This can enable a user to view a distant object as if it were
brighter,
clearer, and/or
larger. These are similar to microscopes. The
monocular is a type of refractor. A typical refractor has two lenses, an
objective lens and an eyepiece lens. The objective lens has two pieces of
glass (with different
densities), "
crown" and "
flint glass". Each side of each piece is ground and
polisheded, and then the two pieces are glued together. The curvatures are designed to cancel
chromatic and
spherical aberration.
Technical Difficulties
For research purposes, refracting telescopes have become unpopular. They are criticized for their relatively high-degree of chromatic and spherical aberration. There is also the problem of lens sagging, a result of gravity affecting glass. There is a further problem of mis-refraction; caused by air bubbles trapped within the lenses. In addition, glass is opaque to certain wavelengths, and even visible light is dimmed when it passes through glass. Many of these problems are avoided by using reflecting telescopes.
Notable Refracting Telescopes
See also:
From Refractor telescope to be merged :
A refractor telescope is a type of optical telescope that refracts light through a pair of lenses on either end of the telescope. While initially the most common type of telescope, these are today used primarily by amateur astronomers, and have been supplanted in professional work by reflecting telescopes. However, some relatively small instruments with 100-150mm objective lenses regularly produce astrophotography that rivals images created by professionals as recently as 20 years ago using what were then the largest telescopes on Earth.
See also: List of largest optical refracting telescopes (from which it is clear that their heydey was in the 19th century)
