Twin towns

This article is about partnerships between towns distant from each other. See Twin cities for the different concept of physically neighbouring cities\n----\nTown Twinning was developed in Europe after the Second World War as a way to bring European people into a closer understanding of each other and to promote cross-border projects of mutual benefit. The idea is to twin towns and cities (often though by no means always with similar demographic and other characteristics) in different countries, with the accent upon fostering human contacts. While still more popular as a concept in Europe than elsewhere, the idea has now spread to other continents; in North America the phrase Sister Cities is used. Within Europe, town twinning is now supported by the European Union. The support scheme was established in 1989. In 2003 an annual budget of about 12 million euros was allocated to about 1300 projects. The following list is a starting point for a complete list of twinned towns. Information may not be complete even for the towns that are listed. Where known, the date of formation of the twinning agreement is included in parenthesis. When adding a new twinning to the list, please add it under both of the countries/towns involved.

Table of contents

1 Albania 2 Algeria 3 Armenia 4 Australia 5 Austria 6 Azerbaijan 7 Barbados 8 Belgium 9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 10 Bulgaria 11 Canada 12 China 13 Croatia 14 Cuba 15 Czech Republic 16 Denmark 17 Estonia 18 Faroe Islands 19 Finland 20 France 21 Georgia 22 Germany 23 Greece 24 Greenland 25 Hungary 26 Iceland 27 India 28 Iran 29 Israel 30 Italy 31 Jamaica 32 Japan 33 Kazakhstan 34 Kuwait 35 Latvia 36 Libya 37 Lithuania 38 Luxembourg 39 Macedonia 40 Mexico 41 Moldova 42 Morocco 43 Namibia 44 Netherlands 45 New Zealand 46 Nicaragua 47 Palestine 48 Poland 49 Portugal 50 Republic of Ireland 51 Republic of the Congo 52 Romania 53 Russia 54 Serbia and Montenegro 55 Sierra Leone 56 Slovakia 57 Slovenia 58 South Africa 59 South Korea 60 Spain 61 Sweden 62 Switzerland 63 Turkey 64 UK 64.1 Bedfordshire 64.2 Berkshire 64.3 Bristol 64.4 Cambridgeshire 64.5 Cornwall 64.6 Derbyshire 64.7 Devon 64.8 Dorset 64.9 East Riding of Yorkshire 64.10 Edinburgh 64.11 Essex 64.12 Glasgow 64.13 Gloucestershire 64.14 Greater Manchester 64.15 Hampshire 64.16 Herefordshire 64.17 Kent 64.18 Lancashire 64.19 Leicestershire 64.20 London 64.21 Merseyside 64.22 Northamptonshire 64.23 Nottinghamshire 64.24 Oxfordshire 64.25 Shropshire 64.26 Somerset 64.27 South Lanarkshire 64.28 South Yorkshire 64.29 Surrey 64.30 Warwickshire 64.31 West Glamorgan 64.32 West Midlands 64.33 West Sussex 64.34 West Yorkshire 65 Ukraine 66 USA 67 Western Sahara 68 Zimbabwe 69 External link

Albania

\n*Tirana - Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1996)

Algeria

\n*Béjaïa - Brest, France (2001)\n*Constantine - Grenoble, France (1999)

Armenia

\n*Djermuk - Saint-Raphaël, France (1994)

Australia

\n*Parkes - Coventry, UK (1956)

Austria

\n*Graz - Coventry, UK (1948); Darmstadt, Germany (1968); Dubrovnik, Croatia; Groningen, Netherlands (1964); Maribor, Slovenia (1987}\n*Innsbruck - Kraków, Poland; Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1980); Tbilisi, Georgia\n*Judenburg - Sherborne, UK\n*Kitzbühel - Bad Soden am Taunus, Germany (1984), Greenwich, Connecticut, USA (1961), Rueil-Malmaison, France (1979), Sterzing, Italy (1971), Sun Valley, Idaho, USA (1967), Yamagata, Yamagata, Japan (1963)\n*Linz - Chengdu, China (1983); Kwangyang, South Korea (1991); Linz am Rhein, Germany (1987)\n*Salzburg - Dresden, Germany (1991)\n*Vienna - Warsaw, Poland

Azerbaijan

\n*Baku - Sarajevo, Bosnia and Hezegovina (1972)

Barbados

\n*Speightstown - Reading, UK (January 21, 2003)

Belgium

\n*Antwerp - Rostock, Germany (1963)\n*Arlon - Market Drayton, UK\n*Braine-l'Alleud - Basingstoke and Deane, UK (1979\n*Comines-Warneton - Hedge End, UK\n*Diest - Breda, Netherlands (1963); Dillenburg, Germany (1963); Orange, France (1963)\n*Diksmuide - Ellesmere, UK\n*Gembloux - Loughborough, UK\n*Ghent - Nottingham, UK (1985); Tallinn, Estonia; Wiesbaden, Germany (1969)\n*Houffalize - Sherborne, UK\n*Liège - Cologne, German (1958); Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg\n*St Guilain - Christchurch, UK\n*Verviers - Bradford, UK

Bosnia and Herzegovina

\n*Sarajevo - Baku, Azerbaijan (1972); Barcelona, Spain [1996]]}; Budapest, Hungary (1995); Bursa, Turkey (1979); Friedrichshafen, Germany (1972); Innsbruck, Austria (1980); Istanbul, Turkey (1997}; Kuwait, Kuwait (1998); Serre-Chevalier, France (1995); Stockholm, Sweden (1997); Tirana, Albania (1996); Tripoli, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1976); Wolfsburg, Germany (1985)

Bulgaria

\n*Varna - Aalborg, Denmark (1976)

Canada

\n*Cornwall - Coventry, UK (1972)\n*Laval - Nice, France\n*Windsor - Coventry, UK (1963)

China

\n*Chengdu - Linz, Austria (1983)\n*Chongqing - Leicester, UK\n*Dalian - Glasgow, UK\n*Dongxihu - Vierzon, France\n*Shanghai - Liverpool, UK\n*Wuhan - Duisburg, Germany\n*Xuzhou - Bochum, Germany\n*Zhenjiang - Mannheim, Germany (2004)

Croatia

\n*Dubrovnik - Graz, Austria (1994)

Cuba

\n*Havana - Glasgow, UK (2002)

Czech Republic

\n*Františkovy Lázne - Bad Soden am Taunus, Germany (1992)\n*Hradec Králové - Metz, France (2001); Wroclaw, Poland\n*Lidice - Coventry, UK (1947)

Denmark

\n*Aalborg - Edinburgh, UK (1964); Fuglefjord, Faroe Islands (1986); Haifa, Israel (1972); Húsavik, Iceland (1996); Lancaster, UK (1977); Nuuk, Greenland (2002); Solvang, California - Aalborg (1971); Vilnius, Lithuania (1997); Varna, Bulgaria (1976); Wismar, Germany (1961)\n*Århus - Rostock, Germany (1964); Swansea, UK\n*Esbjerg - Jyväskylä, Finland (1947)\n*Helsingør - Gdańsk, Poland

Estonia

\n*Haapsalu - Rendsburg, Germany (1989)\n*Tallinn - Ghent, Belgium; Kiel, Germany

Faroe Islands

\n*Fuglefjord - Aalborg, Denmark (1986)

Finland

\n*Jyväskylä - Esbjerg, Denmark (1947); Eskilstuna, Sweden (1947); Debrecen, Hungary (1970); Yaroslavl, Russia (1966); Fjardabyggd, Iceland (1958); Niiza, Japan (1997); Potsdam, Germany (1985); Poznan, Poland (1974)\n*Lappeenranta - Schwäbisch Hall, Germany (1985)\n*Karkkila - Sherborne, UK\n*Mänttä - Ronneby, Sweden\n*Pori - Eger, Hungary\n*Tampere - Miskolc, Hungary\n*Turku - Gdańsk, Poland\n*Vaasa - Kiel, Germany

France

\nalso try searching for "jumelage" in the French Wikipedia\n*Alençon - - Basingstoke and Deane, UK\n*Annonay - Chelmsford, UK\n*Aregenteuil - Dessau, Germany (1959)\n*Aubergenville - Horndean, UK\n*Authie et Carpiquet - North Baddesley, UK\n*Avignon - Colchester, UK\n*Barentin - Petersfield, UK\n*Besançon - Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (1959); Tver, Russia\n*Béziers - Stockport, UK (1972)\n*Bourgoin Jallieu - Luton, UK\n*Brest - Béjaïa, Algeria (2001); Cádiz, Spain (1986); Kiel, Germany (1964); Plymouth, UK (1963)\n*Bretteville - Sway, UK\n*Bricquebec - Alresford, UK\n*Chatenay-Malabry - Wellington (Telford), UK\n*Conteleu - New Milton & District, UK\n*Combes-la-Ville - Oswestry, UK\n*Coutances - Ilkley, UK\n*Crouay - Braishfield, UK\n*Die - Wirksworth, UK\n*Dunkirk - Krefeld, Germany (1974); Rostock, Germany (1960)\n*Eaubonne - Matlock, UK\n*Epinal - Schwäbisch Hall, Germany (1964); Loughborough, UK\n*Fismes - Wem, UK\n*Fondettes - Naurod, Germany (1975)\n*Giat - Baschurch, UK\n*Gorron - Hayling Island, UK\n*Grenoble - Catania, Italy (1961); Chişinău, Moldova (1977); Constantine, Algeria (1999); Halle an der Saale, Germany (1976}; Stendal, Germany (1992)\n*Harnes, Loanhead, Scotland\n*La Chevrolière - Lyndhurst, UK\n*La Ferté-Macé - Ludlow, UK\n*Laon - Winchester, UK\n*Le Havre - Southampton, UK\n*Liévin - Hohenlimburg, Germany\n*Lille - Cologne, Germany (1958); Nablus, Palestine (1998)\n**Marcq-en-Barœul - Ealing, UK (1991)\n*Limoges - Charlotte, North Carolina, USA (1992); Seto, Japan\n*Lorient - Ludwigshafen, Germany, (1963); Vigo, Spain\n*Lyon - Birmingham, UK\n*Manéglise - Swanmore, UK\n*Maromme - Oadby and Wigston, UK\n*Machecoul - Shifnal, UK\n*Marseille - Hamburg, Germany; Gdańsk, Poland\n*Mauves-sur-Loire - Hythe & Dibden, UK\n*Meriadec - Redruth, UK\n*Metz - Gloucester, UK; Hradec Králové, Czech Republic (2001); Luxembourg, Luxembourg \n*Meuden - Rushmoor, UK\n*Montebeliard - Ludwigsburg, Germany\n*Nantes - Seattle, Washington, USA\n*Neuchatel-en-Bray - Whitchurch, UK\n*Nice - Cape Town, South Africa; Edinburgh, UK; Gdańsk, Poland; Houston, Texas, USA; Kamakura-shi, Japan; Laval, Canada; Miami, Florida, USA; Netanya, Israel; Nuremberg, Germany; Saint Petersburg, Russia; Yalta, Ukraine\n*Orange - Diest, Belgium (1963)\n*Paimpol - Romsey, UK\n*Paris - Berlin, Germany (1987)\n*Pau - Swansea, UK\n*Pezenas - Market Drayton, UK\n*Pierrefitte-sur-Seine - Braintree, UK; Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany\n*Plumergat - Redruth, UK\n*Poitiers - Northampton, UK\n*Poligny - Schopfheim, Germany\n*Rennes - Almaty, Kazakhstan; Exeter, UK\n*Riorges - Elland, UK\n*Roanne - Guadalajara, Spain (1980); Montevarchi, Italy (1988); Nuneaton and Bedworth, UK (1956)\n*Roncq - Todmorden, UK\n*Roubaix - Bradford, UK\n*Rouen - Gdańsk, Poland\n*Royan - Gosport, UK\n*Rueil-Malmaison - Bad Soden am Taunus, Germany (1975), Kitzbühel, Austria (1979)\n*Ryes - Michelmersh & Timsbury, UK \n*Saint-Aubin-sur-Mer - Emsworth, UK\n*Saint-Bonnet-le-Chateau - Bishops Waltham, UK\n*Saint-Étienne - Coventry, UK (1955)\n*Saint-Georges-Montcocq - Bransgore, UK\n*Saint-Jean-Brevelay - Botley, UK\n*Saint-Marcel - Bishop's Castle, UK\n*Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise - Hebden Bridge, UK\n*Saint-Raphaël - Djermuk, Armenia\n*Saint-Vigor-le-Grand - Colden Common, UK\n*Sauve - Broughton, UK\n*Serre-Chevalier - Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1995)\n*Sourdeval - Odiham, UK\n*Strasbourg - Boston, USA (1960); Leicester, UK (1960); Stuttgart, Germany (1962); Dresde, Germany (1990); Ramat-Gan, Israël (1991); Jacmel, Haïti (1996); Fès, Morocco; Novgorod, Russia\n*Thiers - Bridgnorth, UK\n*Troyes - Zielona Góra, Poland\n*Val d'Oison - Clanfield, UK\n*Vannes - Fareham, UK\n*Vierzon - Barcelos, Portugal; Bitterfeld, Germany; Develi, Turkey; Dongxihu, China; El Jadida, Morocco; Hereford, UK\n*Vimoutiers - Fordingbridge, UK\n*Vitré - Lymington, UK\n*Yvetot - Lesmahagow, UK (1975)

Georgia

\n*Tbilisi - Innsbruck, Austria

Germany

\nalso try searching for "Partnerstädte" in the German Wikipedia\n*Aalen - Christchurch, UK\n*Aachen - Halifax, England\n*Aschaffenburg - Miskolc, Hungary\n*Backnang - Chelmsford, England\n*Bad Homburg - Exeter, UK (1965)\n*Bad Soden am Taunus - Františkovy Lázne, Czech Republic (1992), Kitzbühel, Austria (1984), Rueil-Malmaison, France (1975)\n*Battenberg - Romsey, UK\n*Bergisch Gladbach - Luton, UK\n*Berlin - Istanbul, Turkey (1988); Los Angeles, California, USA (1967); Madrid, Spain (1988); Moscow, Russia (1990); Paris, France (1987); Warsaw, Poland (1991)\n**Berlin-Spandau - Nauen, Germany (September 28, 1988; at the time in the DDR)\n*Bitterfeld - Vierzon, France\n*Bochum - Donezk, Ukraine (1987); Nordhausen, Germany (1990); Oviedo, Spain (1980); Sheffield, UK (1950); Xuzhou, China (1994)\n*Bonn - Oxford, UK (1947)\n*Bottrop - Blackpool, UK\n*Bramsche - Todmorden, UK\n*Bremen - Gdańsk, Poland (April 12, 1976)\n*Cologne - Barcelona, Spain {1984; Bethlehem, Palestine (1996); Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Istanbul, Germany (1997); Liège, Belgium (1958); Lille, France (1958); Liverpool, UK (1952); Thessaloniki, Greece (1988)\n*Cottbus - Grosseto, Italy (1967); Košice, Slovakia (1978); Nuneaton and Bedworth, UK (1999)\n*Darmstadt - Graz, Austria (1968); Liepaja, Latvia (1993); Uzhhorod, Ukraine (1992)\n*Dessau - Aregenteuil, France (1959)\n*Dillenburg - Diest, Belgium (1963)\n*Dorsten - Crawley, UK\n*Dresden - Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo (1975); Columbus, Ohio, USA (1992); Coventry, UK (1959); Florence, Italy (1971); Rotterdam, Netherlands (1988}; Salzburg, Austria (1991)\n*Duisburg - Wuhan, China (April 25, 1986); Portsmouth, UK\n*Düsseldorf - Warsaw, Poland; Reading, UK (First link: 1947; Official twinning: 1975)\n*Eisenhüttenstadt - Saarlouis, Germany\n*Erlangen - Eskilstuna, Sweden (1961)\n*Euskirchen - Basingstoke & Deane, UK\n*Fellbach - Pécs, Hungary (1986)\n*Frankfurt - Birmingham, UK (1966); Lyon, France (1960); Milan, Italy (1971); Guangzhou, China (1988); Budapest, Hungary (1990); Praha, Czech Republic (1990); Granada, Nicaragua (1991); Kraków, Poland (1991)\n**Frankfurt-Nieder-Eschbach - Deuil-la-Barre, France (1967)\n*Freiburg im Breisgau - Besançon, France (1959); Granada, Spain (1991); Guildford, UK (1979); Isfahan, Iran (2000)\n*Friedrichshafen - Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1972)\n*Gießen - Winchester, UK\n*Halle an der Saale - Grenoble, France (1976}\n*Hamburg - Saint Petersburg, Russia (1957)\n*Hannover - Bristol, UK\n*Heidelberg - Cambridge, UK\n*Heilbronn - Stockport, UK (1982)\n*Hemmingen - Lesmahagow, UK (1975)\n*Hemsbach - Wareham, UK\n*Holzwickede - Weymouth, UK\n*Iserlohn - Nyíregyháza, Hungary\n*Karlsruhe - Krasnodar, Russia\n*Kiel - Brest, France (1964); Coventry, UK; Gdynia, Poland; Kaliningrad, Russia; Sovetsk, Russia; Stralsund, Germany; Tallinn, Estonia; Vaasa, Finland\n*Kitzingen - Montevarchi, Italy; Prades, Spain\n*Kötzting - Sherborne, UK\n*Krefeld- Dunkirk, France (1974); Leicester, UK\n*Kreis_Steinfurt - Ealing, UK\n*Langenhagen - Southwark, UK\n*Liederbach am Taunus - Verwood, UK\n*Lindlar - Shaftesbury, UK\n*Linz am Rhein - Linz, Austria (1987)\n*Lubbecke - Dorchester, UK\n*Lüdenscheid - Brighouse, UK\n*Ludwigsburg - Montebeliard, France (1951)\n*Ludwigshafen - Lorient, France (1963)\n*Mannheim - Chişinău, Moldova (1989); Zhenjiang, China (2004)\n*Marburg - Northampton, UK\n*Mosbach - Lymington, UK\n*Nauen - Berlin-Spandau, Germany\n*Naurod - Fondettes, France (1975)\n*Neustrelitz - Schwäbisch Hall, Germany (1988)\n*Norderstedt - Oadby and Wigston, UK\n*Nordhausen - Bochum, Germany\n*Nuremberg - Glasgow, UK; Nice, France; Kraków, Poland\n*Oberursel - Rushmoor, UK\n*Ochsenfurt - Wimborne, UK\n*Passau - Hackensack, New Jersey, USA (1952)\n*Potsdam - Jyväskylä, Finland (1985)\n*Preetz - Blandford, UK\n*Pulheim - Fareham, UK\n*Rendsburg - Haapsalu, Estonia (1989); Hereford, UK (1950)\n*Reutlingen - Aarau, Switzerland (1986)\n*Rüdersdorf bei Berlin - Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, France\n*Rostock - Antwerp, Belgium (1963); Århus, Denmark (1964); Dunkirk, France (1960)\n*Rudesheim - Swanage, UK\n*Saarlouis - Eisenhüttenstadt, Germany (1982; at the time in the GDR)\n*Schopfheim - Poligny, France\n*Schrobenhausen - Bridgnorth, UK\n*Schwäbisch Hall - Epinal, France (1964); Loughborough, UK (1966); Lappeenranta, Finland (1985); Neustrelitz, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany (1988); Zamosc, Poland (1989)\n*Sindelfingen - Dronfield, UK\n*Spandau - Luton, UK\n*Stendal - Grenoble, France (1992)\n*Stralsund - Kiel, Germany\n*Verden - Bagrationovsk, Russia (1966); Górowo Iławeckie, Poland (1996; Warwick, UK (1990); Zielona Góra, Poland (1993}\n*Viersen - Kanev, Ukraine (1996\n*Warendorf - Petersfield, UK\n*Warstein - Hebden Bridge, UK\n*Westerburg - Daventry, UK\n*Wiesbaden - Ghent, Belgium (1969); Montreux, Switzerland (1953); Tunbridge Wells, UK (1989)\n*Wismar - Aalborg, Denmark (1961)\n*Wolfsburg - Luton, UK; Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1985)\n*Wuppertal - Beer Sheva, Israel (September 29, 1977)

Greece

\n*Preveza - Sherborne, UK\n*Thessaloniki - Cologne, Germany (1988)

Greenland

\n*Nuuk - Aalborg, Denmark (2002)

Hungary

\n*Budapest - Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1995)\n*Debrecen - Jyväskylä, Finland (1970)\n*Eger - Pori, Finland\n*Miskolc - Aschaffenburg, Germany; Cleveland, USA; Katowice, Poland; Kosice, Slovakia; Ostrava, Czech Republic; Tampere; Finland, Vologda, Russia\n*Nyíregyháza - Iserlohn, Germany, Kajaani, Finland, Kiryat-Motzkin, Israel, Presov, Slovakia, Rzeszow, Poland, Satu Mare, Romania, St Albans, United Kingdom, Uzhhorod, Ukraine\n*Pécs - Fellbach, Germany\n*Szeged - Cambridge, UK\n*Tatabanya - Christchurch, UK

Iceland

\n*Fjardabyggd - Jyväskylä, Finland (1958)\n*Húsavik - Aalborg, Denmark (1966)

India

\n*Bhavnagar - Loughborough, UK\n*Rajkot - Leicester, UK

Iran

\n*Isfahan - Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (2000)

Israel

\n*Beer Sheva - Wuppertal, Germany\n*Haifa - Aalborg, Denmark (1972)\n*Kiryat-Motzkin - Nyíregyháza, Hungary\n*Netanya - Nice, France; Bournemouth, UK

Italy

\n*Bellagio - Sherborne, UK\n*Catania - Grenoble, France (1961)\n*Florence - Dresden, Germany (1971); Edinburgh, UK (1964)\n*Grosseto - Cottbus, Germany (1967)\n*Milan - Birmingham, UK\n*Montevarchi - Kitzingen, Germany; Roanne, France (1988)\n*San Gimignano - Sherborne, UK\n*San Pietro in Cariano - Ludlow, UK\n*Sterzing - Kitzbühel, Austria (1971)\n*Terracina - Exeter, UK\n*Turin - Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg

Jamaica

\n*Kingston - Coventry, UK (1962)

Japan

\n*Kamakura-shi - Nice, France\n*Niiza - Jyväskylä, Finland (1997)\n*Seto - Limoges, France\n*Yamagata, Yamagata - Kitzbühel, Austria (1963)\n*Yuasa - Kerikeri, New Zealand

Kazakhstan

\n*Almaty - Rennes, France\n*Astana - Gdańsk, Poland; Warsaw, Poland

Kuwait

\n*Kuwait - Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1998)

Latvia

\n*Liepaja - Darmstadt, Germany (1993) \n*Riga - Warsaw, Poland

Libya

\n*Tripoli - Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1976)

Lithuania

\n*Vilnius - Aalborg, Denmark (1997); Gdańsk, Poland; Warsaw, Poland

Luxembourg

\n*Esch-sur-Alzette - Cologne, Germany; Liège, Belgium; Rotterdam, Netherlands; Turin, Italy\n*Luxembourg - Metz, France\n*Niederanven - Sherborne, UK

Macedonia

\n*Skopje - Bradford, UK

Mexico

\n*Guadalajara - Wroclaw, Poland

Moldova

\n*Chişinău - Grenoble, France (1977); Mannheim, Germany (1989)

Morocco

\n*El Jadida - Vierzon, France

Namibia

\n*Tsumeb - Chesterfield, UK

Netherlands

\n*Breda - Diest, Belgium (1963)\n*Gouda - Gloucester, UK (1972)\n*Groningen - Graz, Austria (1964)\n*Meerssen - Sherborne, UK\n*Rotterdam - Dresden, Germany (1988}; Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Gdańsk, Poland\n*The Hague - Warsaw, Poland\n*Zutphen - Shrewsbury, UK

New Zealand

\n*Kerikeri - Yuasa, Japan

Nicaragua

\n*León - Oxford, UK \n*Masaya - Leicester, UK\n*San Francisco Libre - Reading, UK (1994)

Palestine

\n*Bethlehem - Cologne, Germany (1996)\n*Nablus - Lille, France (1998)

Poland

\n*Chojna - Sherborne, UK\n*Gdańsk - Astana, Kazakhstan; Barcelona, Spain; Bremen, Germany; Cleveland, USA; Helsingør, Denmark; Kaliningrad, Russia; Kalmar, Sweden; Marseille, France; Nice, France; Odessa, Ukraine; Rotterdam, Netherlands; Rouen, France; Sefton, UK; Saint Petersburg, Russia; Turku, Finland; Vilnius, Lithuania\n*Górowo Iławeckie - Verden, Germany (1996)\n*Gdynia - Kiel, Germany\n*Katowice - Miskolc, Hungary\n*Kraków - Innsbruck, Austria; Nuremberg, Germany; Kiev, Ukraine\n*Poznan - Jyväskylä, Finland (1974)\n*Rzeszow - Nyíregyháza, Hungary\n*Warsaw - Astana, Kazakhstan; Berlin, Germany; Coventry, UK (1957); Düsseldorf, Germany; Kiev, Ukraine; Moscow, Russia; Riga, Latvia; Saint Petersburg, Russia (1997); The Hague, Netherlands; Vienna, Austria; Vilnius, Lithuania\n**Bielany - Ealing, UK (2002)\n*Wroclaw - Guadalajara, Mexico; Hradec Králové, Czech Republic\n*Zamosc - Schwäbisch Hall, Germany (1989)\n*Zielona Góra - Nitra Slovakia; Troyes, France; Verden, Germany (1993)

Portugal

\n*Barcelos - Vierzon, France\n*Sesimbra - Sherborne, UK

Republic of Ireland

\n*Bundoran - Sherborne, UK\n*Cork - San Francisco, USA (1984)\n*Clonmel - Reading, UK (1994)\n*Dublin - Liverpool, UK; San Jose, California, USA

Republic of the Congo

\n*Brazzaville - Dresden, Germany (1975)

Romania

\n*Alba Iulia - Alcalá de Henares, Spain

Russia

\n*Bagrationovsk - Verden, Germany (1966)\n*Kaliningrad - Gdańsk, Poland; Kiel, Germany\n*Krasnodar - Karlsruhe, Germany\n*Moscow - Berlin, Germany (1990); Warsaw, Poland\n*Rostov on Don - Glasgow, UK\n*Saint Petersburg - Gdańsk, Poland; Hamburg, Germany; Nice, France; Warsaw, Poland (1997)\n*Sovetsk - Kiel, Germany\n*Tver - Besançon, France\n*Vologda - Miskolc, Hungary\n*Yaroslavl - Exeter, UK; Jyväskylä, Finland (1966) \n

Serbia and Montenegro

\n*Belgrade - Coventry, UK (1957)

Sierra Leone

\n*Freetown - Hull, UK

Slovakia

\n*Košice - Cottbus, Germany (1978)\n*Nitra - [Zielona Góra]], Poland

Slovenia

\n*Ljubljana - Nottingham, UK\n*Maribor - Graz, Austria (1987}

South Africa

\n*Cape Town - Nice, France\n*Johannesburg - Birmingham, UK

South Korea

\n*Kwangyang - Linz, Austria (1991)

Spain

\n*Almansa - Lymington, UK\n*Alcalá de Henares - Alba Iulia, Romania; Peterborough, UK\n*Altea - Sherborne, UK\n*Barcelona - Cologne, Barcelona (1984}; Gdańsk, Poland; Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1996)\n*Cádiz - Brest, France (1986)\n*Granada - Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (1991\n*Guadalajara - Roanne, France (1980)\n*Madrid - Berlin, Germany (1988)\n*Oviedo - Bochum, Germany\n*Prades - Kitzingen, Germany\n*San Sebastián - Daira de Bojador, Western Sahara\n*Vigo - Lorient, France

Sweden

\n*Eskilstuna - Erlangen, Germany (1961); Luton, UK; Jyväskylä, Finland (1947)\n*Kalmar - Gdańsk, Poland\n*Oxelösund - Sherborne, UK\n*Ronneby - Mänttä, Finland\n*Stockholm - Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1997)

Switzerland

\n*Aarau - Reutlingen, Germany (1986)\n*Lucerne - Bournemouth, UK\n*Montreux - Wiesbaden, Germany (1953)

Turkey

\n*Bursa - Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1979}\n*Develi - Vierzon, France\n*Istanbul - Berlin, Germany (1988); Cologne, Germany (1997); Sarajevo, Bosnia and Sarajevo (1997}

UK

\n(Arranged by ceremonial county)

Bedfordshire

\n*Luton - Bergisch Gladbach, Germany; Bourgoin Jallieu, France; Eskilstuna, Sweden; Spandau, Germany; Wolfsburg, Germany

Berkshire

\n*Reading - Düsseldorf, Germany (First link: 1947; Official twinning: 1975); Clonmel, Republic of Ireland (1994); San Francisco Libre, Nicaragua (1994); Speightstown, Barbados (January 21, 2003)

Bristol

\n*Bristol - Hannover, Germany

Cambridgeshire

\n*Cambridge - Heidelberg, Germany (1957); Szeged, Hungary (1987)\n*Peterborough - Alcalá de Henares, Spain

Cornwall

\n*Redruth - Meriadec, France; Plumergat, France

Derbyshire

\n*Chesterfield - Tsumeb, Namibia\n*Dronfield - Sindelfingen, Germany\n*Matlock - Eaubonne, France\n*Wirksworth - Die, France

Devon

\n*Exeter - Bad Homburg, Germany (1965); Rennes, France; Terracina, Italy; Yaroslavl, Russia\n*Plymouth - Brest, France (1963)

Dorset

\n*Blandford - Preetz, Germany\n*Bournemouth - Lucerne, Switzerland; Netanya, Israel\n*Christchurch - Aalen, Germany; St Guilain, Belgium; Tatabanya, Hungary\n*Dorchester - Holbæk, Denmark; Lubbecke, Germany\n*Shaftesbury - Lindlar, Germany\n*Sherborne - Altea, Spain; Bellagio, Italy; Bundoran, Republic of Ireland; Chojna, Poland; Holstebro, Denmark; Houffalize, Belgium; Judenburg, Austria; Karkkila, Finland; Kötzting, Germany; Meerssen, Holland; Niederanven, Luxembourg; Oxelösund, Sweden; Preveza, Greece; San Gimignano, Italy; Sesimbra, Portugal\n*Swanage - Rudesheim, Germany\n*Verwood - Liederbach am Taunus, Germany\n*Wareham - Hemsbach, Germany\n*Weymouth - Holzwickede, Germany\n*Wimborne - Ochsenfurt, Germany

East Riding of Yorkshire

\n*Hull - Freetown, Sierra Leone

Edinburgh

\n*Edinburgh - Aalborg, Denmark (1964}; Florence, Italy (1964); Nice, France

Essex

\n*Braintree - Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, France\n*Chelmsford - Annonay, France; Backnang, Germany\n*Colchester - Avignon, France

Glasgow

\n*Glasgow - Dalian, China; Havana, Cuba (2002); Nuremberg, Germany; Rostov on Don, Russia

Gloucestershire

\n*Gloucester - Gouda, Netherlands (1972); Metz, France

Greater Manchester

\n*Stockport - Béziers, France (1972); Heilbronn, Germany (1982)

Hampshire

\n*Alresford - Bricquebec, France\n*Basingstoke and Deane - Alençon, France; Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium (1979; Euskirchen, Germany\n*Bishops Waltham - Saint-Bonnet-le-Chateau, France\n*Botley - Saint-Jean-Brevelay, France\n*Braishfield - Crouay, France\n*Bransgore - Saint-Georges-Montcocq, France\n*Broughton - Sauve, France\n*Clanfield - Val d'Oison, France\n*Colden Common - Saint-Vigor-le-Grand, France\n*Emsworth - Saint-Aubin-sur-Mer, France\n*Fareham - Pulheim, Germany; Vannes, France\n*Fordingbridge - Vimoutiers, France\n*Gosport - Royan, France\n*Hayling Island - Gorron, France\n*Hedge End - Comines-Warneton, Belgium\n*Horndean - Aubergenville, France\n*Hythe & Dibden - Mauves-sur-Loire, France\n*Lymington - Almansa, Spain; Mosbach, Germany; Vitré, France\n*Lyndhurst - La Chevrolière, France\n*Michelmersh & Timsbury - Ryes, France\n*New Milton & District - Conteleu, France\n*North Baddesley - Authie et Carpiquet, France\n*Odiham - Sourdeval, France\n*Petersfield - Barentin, France; Warendorf, Germany\n*Portsmouth - Duisburg, Germany\n*Romsey - Paimpol, France; Battenberg, Germany \n*Rushmoor - Meuden, France; Oberursel, Germany\n*Southampton - Le Havre, France\n*Swanmore - Manéglise, France\n*Sway - Bretteville, France\n*Winchester - Gießen, Germany; Laon, France

Herefordshire

\n*Hereford - Vierzon, France

Kent

\n*Tunbridge Wells - Wiesbaden, Germany (1989)

Lancashire

\n*Blackpool - Bottrop, Germany\n*Lancaster - Aalborg, Denmark (1977); Rendsburg, Germany (1950)

Leicestershire

\n*Leicester - Chongqing, China; Krefeld, Germany; Masaya, Nicaragua; Rajkot, India; Strasbourg, France\n*Loughborough - Gembloux, Belgium; Epinal, France; Schwäbisch Hall, Germany (1966); Bhavnagar, India\n*Oadby and Wigston - Maromme, France; Norderstedt, Germany

London

\n*Ealing - Marcq-en-Baroeul, France (1991); Kreis Steinfurt, Germany; Bielany, Poland (2002)\n*Southwark - Langenhagen, Germany

Merseyside

\n*Liverpool - Cologne, Germany (1952); Dublin, Republic of Ireland\n*Sefton - Gdańsk, Poland; New York, USA; Shanghai, China

Northamptonshire

\n*Daventry - Westerburg, Germany\n*Kettering - Kettering, Ohio, USA\n*Northampton - Marburg, Germany; Poitiers, France

Nottinghamshire

\n*Nottingham - Ghent, Belgium (1985); Harare, Zimbabwe (1986); Ljubljana, Slovenia

Oxfordshire

\n*Oxford - Bonn, Germany (1947); León, Nicaragua; Leiden, the Netherlands; Grenoble, France

Shropshire

\n*Baschurch - Giat, France\n*Bishop's Castle - Saint-Marcel, France (Easter 2004)\n*Bridgnorth - Schrobenhausen, Germany; Thiers, France\n*Ellesmere - Diksmuide, Belgium\n*Ludlow - La Ferté-Macé, France; San Pietro in Cariano, Italy\n*Market Drayton - Arlon, Belgium; Pezenas, France\n*Oswestry - Combes-la-Ville, France\n*Shifnal - Machecoul, France\n*Shrewsbury - Zutphen, Netherlands\n*Wellington (Telford) - Chatenay-Malabry, France\n*Wem - Fismes, France\n*Whitchurch - Neuchatel-en-Bray, France

Somerset

\n*Wincanton - Ankh-Morpork, Discworld (Somewhat controversially the only town to have a fictional twin. Ankh-Morpork was created by author Terry Pratchett in his Discworld series of books.)

South Lanarkshire

\n*Lesmahagow - Yvetot, France (1975); Hemmingen, Germany (1975)

South Yorkshire

\n*Sheffield - Bochum, Germany

Surrey

\n*Guildford - Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany (1979)

Warwickshire

\n*Nuneaton and Bedworth - Cottbus, Germany (1999); Roanne, France (1956)\n*Warwick - Verden, Germany (1990)

West Glamorgan

\n*Swansea - Århus, Denmark; Pau, France

West Midlands

\n*Birmingham - Chicago, USA; Frankfurt, Germany; Johannesburg, South Africa; Lyon, France; Milan, Italy\n*Coventry - Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro (1957); Cornwall, Canada (1972); Coventry, New York, USA (1972); Dresden, Germany (1959); Graz, Austria (1948); Kiel, Germany; Kingston, Jamaica (1962); Lidice, Czech Republic (1947); Parkes, Australia (1956); Saint-Étienne, France (1955), Warsaw, Poland (1957); Windsor, Canada (1963)

West Sussex

\n*Crawley - Dorsten, Germany \n

West Yorkshire

\n*Bradford - Roubaix, France; Skopje, Macedonia; Verviers, Belgium\n*Brighouse - Lüdenscheid, Germany\n*Elland, Riorges, France\n*Halifax - Aachen, Germany\n*Hebden Bridge - Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise, France ; Warstein, Germany\n*Ilkley - Coutances, France\n*Todmorden - Bramsche, Germany; Roncq, France

Ukraine

\n*Donezk - Bochum, Germany\n*Kanev - Viersen, Germany (1996)\n*Kiev - Warsaw, Poland; Kraków, Poland\n*Odessa - Gdańsk, Poland\n*Uzhhorod - Darmstadt, Germany (1992); Nyíregyháza, Hungary\n*Yalta - Nice, France

USA

\n*Boston - Strasbourg, France (1960)\n*Charlotte, North Carolina - Limoges, France (1992)\n*Chicago - Birmingham, UK\n*Cleveland, Ohio - Gdańsk, Poland\n*Columbus, Ohio - Dresden, Germany (1992)\n*Coventry, New York - Coventry, UK (1972)\n*Greenwich, Connecticut - Kitzbühel, Austria (1961)\n*Hackensack, New Jersey - Passau, Germany\n*Houston, Texas - Nice, France\n*Kettering, Ohio - Kettering, UK\n*Los Angeles, California - Berlin, Germany (1967)\n*Miami, Florida - Nice, France\n*New York - Liverpool, UK\n*San Francisco - Cork, Republic of Ireland (1984)\n*San Jose, California - Dublin, Republic of Ireland\n*Seattle, Washington - Nantes, France\n*Solvang, California - Aalborg, Denmark (1971)\n*Sun Valley, Idaho - Kitzbühel, Austria (1967)

Western Sahara

\n*Daira de Bojador - San Sebastián, Spain

Zimbabwe

\n*Harare - Nottingham, UK (1986)

External link

\n*Town-twinning information from the European Commission Category:Lists of places