Umayyad

The Umayyad Dynasty (umawiyy) was the first dynasty of caliphs of the Prophet Muhammad who were not closely related to Muhammad himself, though they were of the same Meccan tribe, the Quraish. The first dynasty reigned from 661 to 750. Ironically, the Quraishi clan from which the Umayyads originated had originally been bitter enemies of Muhammad. Muawiyah had been the governor of Syria under the 3rd caliph and his kinsman, Uthman ibn Affan. After the assassination of Uthman, he was replaced by the new caliph, Ali Ben Abu Talib. Rather than relinquish his post, Muawiyah took up a rebellion against Ali. The two fought many battles, and eventually they agreed to partition the Muslim empire. However, Ali was assassinated in 661, and Muawiyah declared himself caliph of all Muslim lands. This established the Umayyad dynasty, the capital was moved to Damascus The Umayyads were overthrown in the east by the Abbasid dynasty. An Umayyad prince, Abd-ar-rahman I, took over the Muslim territory in Spain and founded a new Umayyad dynasty there. The Umayyad Caliphs\n*Muawiyah I ibn Abu Sufyan, 661-680\n*Yazid I ibn Muawiyah, 680-683\n*Muawiya II ibn Yazid, 683-684\n*Marwan I ibn Hakam, 684-685\n*Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, 685-705\n*al-Walid I ibn Abd al-Malik, 705-715\n*Suleiman ibn Abd al-Malik, 715-717\n*Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz, 717-720 \n*Yazid II ibn Abd al-Malik, 720-724\n*Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik, 724-743\n*al-Walid II ibn Yazid II, 743-744\n*Yazid III ibn al-Walid, 744\n*Ibrahim ibn al-Walid, 744\n*Marwan II ibn Muhammad, 744-750 Umayyad Emirs of Cordoba\n*Abd-ar-rahman I, 756-788\n*Hisham I, 788-796\n*al-Hakam I, 796-822\n*Abd-ar-rahman II, 822-852\n*Muhammad I, 852-886\n*al-Mundhir, 886-888\n*Abdallah ibn Muhammad, 888-912\n*Abd-ar-rahman III, 912-929 Umayyad Caliphs of Cordoba\n*Abd-ar-rahman III, as caliph, 929-961\n*Al-Hakam II, 961-976\n*Hisham II, 976-1008\n*Mohammed II, 1008-1009\n*Suleiman, 1009-1010\n*Hisham II, restored, 1010-1012\n*Suleiman, restored, 1012-1017\n*Abd-ar-rahman IV, 1021-1022\n*Abd-ar-rahman V, 1022-1023\n*Muhammad III, 1023-1024\n*Hisham III, 1027-1031 See also History of Islam, Caliphate

External link

• Ummayad Lineage Chart\n* http://www.princeton.edu/~batke/itl/denise/umayyads.htm

Category:Caliphates \nCategory:Damascus \nCategory:Jewish Islam topics\nCategory:Sunni Islam \n\n\n\n