William Bligh
William Bligh (
September 9,
1754 -
December 7,
1817) was an officer of the British
Royal Navy with final rank of Vice Admiral, who is best known for the famous mutiny that occurred against his command aboard
HMAV Bounty. \n
Early life
Bligh was born in Plymouth, a seaport in south-west England, and went to sea at the age of fifteen. \nIn 1776, he was selected by Captain James Cook for the crew of the Resolution.
The voyage of the Bounty
In 1787, Bligh took command of the Bounty. He first sailed Bounty to Tahiti to obtain breadfruit trees, then sailed to the Caribbean, where they were wanted for experiments to see if breadfruit would be a successful food crop there. Bligh's mission may have introduced the akee to Caribbean as well, though this is uncertain. (Akee is now called Blighia sapida in binomial nomenclature after Bligh).
The mutiny, which broke out during the return voyage, was led by Master's Mate Fletcher Christian and supported by a quarter of the crew. The mutineers provided Bligh and the eighteen of his crew who remained loyal with a 23-foot launch, provisions sufficient to reach the most accessible ports, a sextant and a pocket watch, but no charts or compass. Bligh disdained the obvious course of action, which would have been sailing for nearer Spanish ports where they would be repatriated to Britain after delays. Bligh was confident in his navigational skills and considering his first responsibility to be getting word of the mutiny as soon as possible to British vessels that could pursue the mutineers, so he embarked instead on a 3200-mile voyage to Timor. In the successful 41-day voyage, the only casualty was one crewman killed by hostile natives.
To this day, the reasons for the mutiny are a subject of considerable debate. Some feel that Bligh was a cruel tyrant whose abuse of the crew led members of the crew to feel that they had no choice but to take the ship from Bligh. Others feel that the crew, after having been exposed to freedom and sexual excess on the island of Tahiti refused to return to the "Jack Tars" existence of a seaman. They hold that the crew took the ship from Bligh so that they could return to a life of comfort and pleasure on Tahiti.
After the Bounty
After a court of inquiry, Bligh went on to serve under Admiral Nelson at the Battle of Copenhagen.
He became governor of New South Wales in 1805. There he suffered another mutiny, this time the Rum Rebellion, and was imprisoned from 1808 to 1810.
In 1811, having been exonerated, he was promoted to Rear Admiral, and 3 years later, in 1814, promoted again, to Vice Admiral of the Blue.
Bligh designed the Bull Walls at the mouth of the Liffey in Dublin, to ensure the mouth of the Liffey did not silt up and prevented a sandbar forming.
Bligh was buried in a family plot at Lambeth.
Further reading
\n* Caroline Alexander, The Bounty: The True Story of the Mutiny on the Bounty, Viking Penguin, 2003, hardcover, 512 pages, ISBN 067003133X
External links
\n*Portraits of Bligh in the National Portrait Gallery, London.
\nBligh, William
